Table 1 Baseline characteristics
Non-AAD (n = 166) | AAD (n = 73) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 73.1 ± 7.3 | 73.7 ± 7.3 | 0.607 |
Male | 86 (51.8) | 42 (57.5) | 0.102 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.2 ± 3.8 | 24.2 ± 3.1 | 0.058 |
NYHA functional class III or IV | 115 (69.3) | 52 (71.2) | 0.761 |
Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk score, % | 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 0.901 |
Prior history | |||
PCI | 26 (15.7) | 13 (17.8) | 0.679 |
CABG | 8 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.110 |
Stroke | 24 (14.5) | 6 (8.2) | 0.180 |
Permanent pacemaker | 1 (0.6) | 2 (2.7) | 0.222 |
Cancer | 11 (6.6) | 4 (5.5) | 1.000 |
Comorbidities | |||
Hypertension | 102 (61.4) | 41 (56.2) | 0.443 |
Diabetes mellitus | 41 (24.7) | 17 (23.3) | 0.815 |
Hyperlipidaemia | 68 (41.0) | 31 (42.5) | 0.828 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 8 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.110 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 27 (16.3) | 6 (8.2) | 0.097 |
Heart failure | 14 (8.4) | 5 (6.8) | 0.677 |
Chronic kidney disease | 7 (4.2) | 3 (4.1) | 1.000 |
Liver disease | 2 (1.2) | 2 (2.7) | 0.588 |
Heart failure | 14 (8.4) | 5 (6.8) | 0.677 |
Coronary artery disease | 77 (46.4) | 24 (32.9) | 0.051 |
Arrhythmia | |||
Atrial fibrillation | 21 (12.7) | 12 (16.4) | 0.434 |
Other type of arrhythmia | 12 (7.2) | 10 (13.7) | 0.111 |
CT characteristics | |||
Ascending aortic diameter (mm) | 36.0 (34.0–37.0) | 44.0 (42.0–46.0) | < 0.001 |
Aortic calcification | 0.802 | ||
Grade I (none) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Grade II (mild) | 33 (19.9) | 17 (23.3) | |
Grade III (moderate) | 107 (64.5) | 44 (60.3) | |
Grade IV (severe) | 26 (15.7) | 12 (16.4) | |
Echocardiographic assessment | |||
Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 60.0 (50.0–65.0) | 60.0 (46.5–65.0) | 0.719 |
Maximum velocity, m/s | 4.6 (4.1–5.0) | 4.8 (4.3–5.2) | 0.065 |
Mean aortic valve gradient, mmHg | 50.0 (41.0–63.3) | 54.0 (42.0–67.0) | 0.318 |
Aortic regurgitation ≥ moderate | 44 (26.5) | 22 (30.1) | 0.563 |
Mitral regurgitation ≥ moderate | 25 (15.1) | 5 (6.8) | 0.078 |
Tricuspid regurgitation ≥ moderate | 17 (10.2) | 3 (4.1) | 0.115 |
Pulmonary hypertension | 39 (23.5) | 10 (13.7) | 0.084 |
Hospitalization length | |||
Intensive care unit (days) | 1.0 (1.0–3.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 0.175 |
Total length (days) | 12.0 (9.0–18.0) | 12.0 (9.5–15.0) | 0.625 |