Table 4 Review of interventions and outcomes in prior literature

Lai [4]

NR

NR

1. stent

NR

ESR normal

Stent restenosis at 1 year

GC & Cyc

[4]

NR

NR

1. stent

NR

NR

Patent stent at 1 year

GC & Cyc

[4]

NR

1. Left Main trunk aneurysm 20 × 14 mm

1. CABG^a

NR

CRP normal

ESR normal

Death post-operative day 2 after IVC rupture

GC & Cyc

Huang [12]

CRP normal

ESR normal

1. Plaque infiltration of LMC

2. Occlusion of all the three major coronary arteries, with multiple aneurysms

3. 95% stenosis of the OM

1. stent

1. Multiple stenoses, occlusion and aneurysms of renal arteries

CRP normal

ESR normal

9-month echocardiogram without evidence of decline in function or structure

1. Pred & Cyc initially transitioned to AZA for maintenance prior to intervention

2. Pred & MTX post-intervention

Yanagawa [2]

CRP normal

ESR normal

1.Aneurysmal, left coronary vessels with multiple stenoses

2. 90% lesions of pLAD, stented D, pLCx and OM2

3.pRCA had 70% lesion

1. BMS to mRCA

2. DES to in-stent stenosis of RCA + BM stent to D1

3. CABG: LIMA-LAD and SVG-D1-OM-PDA

1. bilateral renal artery aneurysms

2. perinephric hemorrhage

NR

NR

1.Pred & Cyc prior to CABG

Ucar [32]

Yamamoto [22]

CRP normal

ESR normal

1. Aneurysm of LMC, LAD, and LCx

2. pRCA total occlusion

3. 99% lesions in LAD and PL branch

1.CABG: SVG-LAD

& SVG-PL^b

1.Superior mesenteric artery aneurysm

2. Bilateral renal arteries aneurysm

3.Tortuose abdominal aortic artery

3.occlusion vs. Sev. Stenosis of r. gastroepiploic A

4. Stenotic proximal LITA & occluded RITA in middle segment

5. Bilateral radial A. aneurysms

NR

Post-operative CTA showed occlusion of SVG-PL

1. Prednisolone at Dx, d/c’d 8 years before presentation

Erbersberger [33]

1. 30 mm aneurysm of the RCA

1. CABG: SVG-RCA

1. inguinal aneurysm

1. post-operative Cyc

Reindl [31]

CRP 196 mg/l

1. Complete thrombotic occlusion of RCA

2. Absence of atherosclerosis in CA’s

1. stent

1. Bilateral renal infarctions and aneurysms

2. splenic infarctions

3.)cerebral infarctions

4.) popliteal occlusions

NR

NR

1. methylprednisolone administered prior to intervention; continued unnamed immunosuppression post-intervention

Canoplat [20]

NR

1. Coronary ectasia in LAD & LCx

2. 100% RCA occlusion due to dissection & 2 distal consecutive thrombotic lesions

1. Bare metal stent to distal RCA followed by bare metal stent to mid RCA

1. Left Renal and axillary aneurysms

CRP and ESR normal

6- and 12-month myocardial scintigraphy negative for ischemia

Cyc daily and Prednisolone every other day prior to presentation; no changes thereafter

Lewandowski [11]

NR

1.) LAD and RCA stenosis without typical atherosclerotic features

2. NS – performed at OSH

3.) stable LAD stenosis, new mRCA stenosis, new neointimal layer covering initial stents

1.) DES stent to LAD and RCA

2.) LCx bioresorbable stent

3.) repeat DES stenting of the LAD and RCA

NR

NR

NR

1. LD prednisone daily prior to presentation

2. methylprednisolone and Cyc after LCx stent

3. continuation of #2

Wagner [34]

ESR 120 mm/1st h

CRP 306.3 mg/l

1. 90% LAD lesion with multiple distal occlusions

1. Stent

1.Whitematter hypo-intensities on MRI

NR

NR

1. Methylprednisolone & Cyc transitioned to prednisolone & Cyc prior to intervention

2. Prednisolone &Cyc post-intervention

Bayturan [29]

NR

1. CTO of prior RCA stent with bridging collaterals

2. Non-obstructive LCx lesions

3. 40-45 mm aneurysm of the LAD OM1

1. Endovascular coil embolization

1.Popliteal A. aneurysm

NR

Asymptomatic at 6 weeks; CAG at 6 weeks showed stable aneurysm

NR

Yuji [25]

CRP normal

1. RCA obstructed by thrombus within aneurysm

2. LAD & LCx markedly stenotic, thrombus within aneurysms

3. Collateral development between AV node branch & PD branch

1. CABG: bilateral IMA’s

1. Intestinal ischemia (thrombosis to supra mesenteric A.)

2. Positive Allen’s testing of radial arteries

NR

NR

1. GC & AZA prior to procedure

Present Study

hsCRP 5 mg/l

ESR 49 mm/h

1. 90% stenosis of the LAD

2. 70% of the 2nd diagonal branch

3. 100% of the 1st obtuse marginal

4. 70% of the LCx

5. 90% RCA occlusion

1. CABG: LIMA-LAD and SVG-OM-LPDA-RPDA

1. Splenic infarction

2. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (infrarenal)

3. Bilateral Femoral Artery Aneurysm

4. Celiac Axis & Hepatic Artery Stenosis

NR

Asymptomatic at 1 month

1. Methylprednisolone transitioned to Pred prior to procedure

2. Pred & Cyc post-intervention