Table 1 Baseline characteristics and prognosis of the cohort
Overall (n = 258) | Stage 1 (n = 53) | Stage 2 (n = 71) | Stage 3 (n = 97) | Stage 4 (n = 37) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 73 (62–83) | 72 (59–83) | 70 (63–82) | 74 (63–84) | 69 (54–79) | 0.564 |
Female, n (%) | 135 (52.3) | 29 (21.5) | 45 (33.3) | 46 (34.1) | 15 (11.1) | 0.086 |
Severe TR, n (%) | 239 (92.6) | 53 (22.2) | 66 (27.6) | 84 (35.1) | 36 (15.1) | 0.114 |
More-than-severe TR, n (%) | 19 (7.4) | 0 (0) | 5 (26.3) | 13 (68.4) | 1 (5.3) | |
Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 158 (61.2) | 31 (19.6) | 44 (27.8) | 74 (46.8) | 9 (5.7) | < 0.001 |
Concomitant less than severe mitral valve disease, n (%) | 162 (62.8) | 33 (20.4) | 44 (27.2) | 69 (42.6) | 16 (9.9) | 0.030 |
Concomitant less than severe aortic valve disease, n (%) | 75 (29.1) | 14 (18.7) | 16 (21.3) | 39 (52.0) | 6 (8.0) | 0.015 |
Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 40 (15.5) | 5 (12.5) | 15 (37.5) | 12 (30.0) | 3 (7.5) | 0.181 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 109 (42.4) | 23 (21.1) | 30 (27.5) | 46 (42.2) | 10 (9.2) | 0.203 |
NT-proBNP, ng/L | 1677 (930–3309) | 1067 (513–2304) | 1283 (597–2055) | 2036 (1249–4756) | 4072 (1865–8685) | < 0.001 |
Permanent pacemaker, n (%) | 47 (18.2) | 4 (8.5) | 14 (29.8) | 24 (51.1) | 5 (10.6) | 0.057 |
Prior stroke, n (%) | 38 (14.7) | 7 (18.4) | 10 (26.3) | 18 (47.4) | 3 (7.9) | 0.467 |
Typical heart failure symptoms and signs, n (%) | 156 (60.5) | 19 (12.2) | 42 (26.9) | 70 (44.9) | 25 (16.0) | < 0.001 |
Ascites, n (%) | 20 (7.8) | 3 (15.0) | 5 (25.0) | 11 (55.0) | 1 (5.0) | 0.402 |
Chronic liver disease, n (%) | 32 (12.4) | 7 (21.9) | 11 (34.4) | 6 (18.8) | 8 (32.0) | 0.072 |
Chronic lung disease, n (%) | 168 (65.1) | 40 (23.8) | 52 (31.0) | 58 (34.5) | 18 (10.7) | 0.017 |
Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 77 (29.8) | 5 (6.5) | 14 (18.2) | 48 (62.3) | 10 (13.0) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 37 (14.3) | 7 (18.9) | 13 (35.1) | 16 (43.2) | 1 (2.7) | 0.144 |
Use of diuretics, n (%) | 188 (72.8) | 34 (18.1) | 57 (30.3) | 81 (43.1) | 16 (8.5) | < 0.001 |
Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) | 47 (18.1) | 8 (17.0) | 10 (21.3) | 25 (53.2) | 4 (8.5) | 0.100 |
*Composite endpoint in patients with severe TR, n (%) | 40 (20.6) | 6 (15.0) | 12 (30.0) | 15 (37.5) | 7 (17.5) | 0.256 |
*Composite endpoint in patients with more-than-severe TR, n (%) | 7 (36.8) | 0 (0) | 1 (14.3) | 5 (71.4) | 1 (14.3) |