Table 1 Summary of included studies and their baseline characteristics. (NR = Not Reported)

Briasoulis 2021 [26]

Retrospective study

Apixaban (n = 4471)

69.9

1%

NR

7%

31.1%

84.9%

22%

Dabigatran (n = 3246)

65.7

1%

NR

5%

26.2%

84.5%

29.1%

Rivaroxaban (n = 3299)

66.7

1%

NR

4.5%

27.7%

83.2%

25.9%

Warfarin (n = 10,338)

66.5

1.1%

NR

7.3%

35.8%

86.8%

31.8%

Huang 2021 [30]

Retrospective study

Dabigatran (n = 3226)

66.4 (59.7,72.0)

1128 (35%)

NR

135 (4.2%)

1137 (35.2%)

1241 (38.5%)

1563 (48.5%)

Warfarin (n = 3622)

66.3 (58.9,72.6)

1333 (36.8%)

NR

138 (3.8%)

1482 (40.9%)

3066 (84.6%)

2011 (55.5%)

Peterson 2019 [19]

Retrospective cohort

Rivaroxaban (n = 4543)

61.8 (10.8)

2046 (45.0

NR

NR

1397 (30.8%)

3962 (87.2%)

2168 (47.7%)

Warfarin (n = 4931)

64.4 (10.8)

2326 (47.2)

NR

NR

2218 (45.0%)

4348 (88.2%)

2841 (57.6%)

Navarro-Almenzar 2021 [25]

Retrospective study

Rivaroxaban (N = 54)

71 ± 11

82 (60.7%)

NR

21 (15.6%)

29 (21.5%)

124 (91.6%)

51 (37.8%)

Apixaban (n = 42)

Dabigatran (n = 39)

Edoxaban (n = 0)

Barakat 2021 [28]

Retrospective study

Apixaban (n = 983)

64.9 ± 9.8

902 (51.4)

NR

205 (9.5)

564 (26.0)

1743 (80.3)

935 (43.1)

Rivaroxaban (n = 861)

Dabigatran (n = 322)

Edoxaban (n = 4)

Warfarin (N = 1754)

66.6 ± 10.2

1189 (54.8)

142 (8.1)

579 (33.0)

1354 (77.2

864 (49.3)

Kushnir 2019 [21]

Retrospective study

Apixaban (n = 103)

65·9 (10·7)

58 (56%)

3·5 (1·6)

NR

NR

NR

NR

Rivaroxaban (n = 174)

60·9 (12·6)

95 (55%)

3·1 (1·5)

NR

NR

NR

NR

Warfarin (n = 152)

66·8 (13·6)

90 (59%)

4.1 (1·8)

NR

NR

NR

NR

Boriani 2019 [20]

Randomized, double blind, double-dummy study c

Edoxaban (n = 415)

64 ± 8.9269

153

3.3 ± 1.6

NR

NR

NR

NR

Warfarin (N = 364)

64 ± 8.9269

90

4.1 ± 1.8

NR

NR

NR

NR

Bodega 2021 [27]

Retrospective study

Dabigatran (n = 7)

59.7 ± 11.6

2

NR

0

5

13

5

Rivaroxaban (n = 4)

Apixaban (n = 4)

Edoxaban (n = 1)

Hohnloser 2019 [22]

Randomized, double blind, double-dummy study

Apixaban and warfarin (N = 982)

61.6498 ± 8.1664

154

NR

96

365

919

449

Kido 2018 [18]

Retrospective study

Dabigatran (N = 20)

64.28 ± 10.16

39 (60.84%)

NR

12

NR

NR

NR

Rivaroxaban (n = 25)

Apixaban (n = 19)

Warfarin (N = 64)

65.88 ± 12.18

35 (54.69%)

NR

10

NR

NR

NR

Sulaiman 2022 [33]

Retrospective cohort study

Apixaban (N = 127)

68.3 ± 10.46

111

NR

15

62

116

94

O’Kane 2022 [32]

Retrospective cohort study

apixaban and rivaroxaban (N = 299)

62 ± 11.9188

188

4 ± 1.4899

42

170

284

201

Wiethorn 2021 [31]

Retrospective matched cohort study

Apixaban (n = 174)

62.6494 ± 9.6812

70

3 ± 1.4894

48

107

245

147

Dabigatran (n = 59)

Rivaroxaban (n = 85)

Coates 2021 [29]

Retrospective study

Dabigatran (n = 7770

62.1 ± 9.9

209

NR

NR

137

524

292

Fudim 2018 [17]

Randomized trial

Apixaban (n = 1035)

72.1555 ± 30.4362

164

1.95 ± 0.93

NR

NR

NR

NR

Martin 2020 [23]

Prospective observational study

apixaban and rivaroxaban (n = 58)

60.6466 ± 26.6078

17

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

Choi 2017 [16]

Retrospective

Apixaban (n = 181)

61.7

108

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

Deitelzweig 2020 [24]

Retrospective Observational

Apixaban (n = 21,242)

71.5 ± 9.9

10,215 (48.1%)

3.9 ± 1.7

NR

8068 (38.0%)

20,022 (94.3%)

11,390 (53.6%)

Dabigatran (n = 7171)

69.6 ± 10.0

3138 (43.8%)

3.7 ± 1.7

NR

2487 (34.7%)

6670 (93.0%)

3778 (52.7%)

Rivaroxaban (n = 29,146)

70.0 ± 10.3

13,499 (46.3%)

3.7 ± 1.7

NR

10,246 (35.2%)

27,161 (93.2%)

15,164 (52.0%)

Warfarin (n = 30,902)

72.8 ± 8.8

14,928 (48.3%)

4.3 ± 1.6

NR

14,722 (47.6%)

29,379 (95.1%)

18,984 (61.4%)