Table 1 Baseline characteristics of LAAC alone group and combined procedure group

Age, years

73.0[67.0,79.0]

69.0[63.0,77.0]

0.001*

69.7 ± 1.1

70.6 ± 1.0

0.532

Men, n (%)

85(63.4)

117(58.8)

0.396

31(60.8)

65(64.4)

0.723

BMI, kg/m²

25.4 ± 3.1

25.7 ± 3.8

0.535

25.3 ± 0.4

25.8 ± 0.4

0.456

Persistent atrial fibrillation (%)

108(81.8)

110(55.3)

<0.001*

21(41.2)

39(38.6)

0.725

CHA2DS2-VASC score

4.0[3.0,5.0]

3.0[2.0,5.0]

0.004*

4.0[3.0,5.0]

3.0[2.0,5.0]

0.266

HAS-BLED score

3.0[2.0,3.0]

2.0[2.0,3.0]

0.008*

3.0[2.0,3.0]

2.0[2.0,3.0]

0.083

pro BNP, pg/ml

948.2[518.71622.0]

680.9[246.21362.0]

0.007*

866.5[496.31550.0]

646.2[302.81603.5]

0.249

eGFR, ml/min/1.73m²

84.4[71.0,101.7]

85.4[71.4,99.4]

0.911

93.1[69.2112.3]

88.0[76.1102.6]

0.341

Previous illness

Previous AF ablation, n (%)

13(9.7)

11(5.5)

0.149

2 (15.7)

3 (2.9)

0.748

Pacemaker, n (%)

9(6.9)

14(7.2)

0.930

4(7.8)

9(8.9)

1.000

Stroke, n (%)

53(39.6)

54(27.1)

0.017*

23(45.1)

44(43.1)

0.818

Cerebral infraction, n (%)

52(38.8)

52(26.1)

0.014*

22(43.1)

43(42.2)

0.908

Intracranial haemorrhage, n (%)

5(3.7)

5(2.5)

0.755

4(7.8)

2(2.0)

0.077

Heart failure, n (%)

28(20.9)

38(19.1)

0.686

6(11.8)

18(17.7)

0.346

COPD, n (%)

2(1.5)

7(3.5)

0.472

0(0.0)

2(2.0)

–

Hypertension, n (%)

104(77.6)

145(72.9)

0.328

37(72.6)

72(70.6)

0.801

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

37(27.6)

52(26.1)

0.765

14(27.5)

24(23.5)

0.597

Perivascular disease, n (%)

7(5.2)

11(5.5)

0.904

3(6.0)

2(2.0)

0.334

Coronary heart disease, n (%)

40(29.9)

64(32.2)

0.656

15(29.4)

32(31.4)

0.804

Previous medication

Class I/III AADs, n (%)

10(7.5)

52(26.1)

<0.001*

15(29.4)

29(28.4)

0.951

Oral anti-coagulants, n (%)

56(41.8)

63(31.7)

0.059

22(43.1)

33(32.4)

0.190

NOAC, n (%)

35(26.1)

39(19.6)

0.160

14(27.5)

21(20.6)

0.341

Warfarin, n (%)

21(15.7)

21(12.1)

0.345

8(15.7)

12(11.8)

0.498

Anti-platelet drugs, n (%)

39(29.1)

62(31.2)

0.690

16(31.4)

29(28.4)

0.707