Table 2 CMR and clinical variables correlated to the composite outcome
Variable | No outcome (N = 42) | Outcome (N = 88) | All patients (N = 130) | p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LV mass index (g/m2) | 42.0 | (37.0–49.0) | 46.0 | (40.0–54.0) | 44.0 | (39.0–52.0) | 0.032 |
LV mass/volume (g/ml) | 0.5 | (0.5–0.6) | 0.6 | (0.5–0.7) | 0.6 | (0.5–0.7) | 0.007 |
RV EDVi (ml/m2) | 112.5 | (95.0 -139.0) | 132.0 | (111.5 -153.5) | 128.5 | (105.0 -148.0) | 0.006 |
RV ESVi (ml/m2) | 55.0 | (44.0–65.0) | 66.0 | (53.0 -80.5) | 64.5 | (47.0–76.0) | 0.002 |
RV EDV (ml) | 202.6 | (161.4 -224.4) | 219.2 | (189.0 -272.2) | 214.2 | (178.7 -253.4) | 0.011 |
RV ESV (ml) | 97.4 | (73.5 -113.5) | 113.5 | (87.3 -139.4) | 108.6 | (81.6 -129.6) | 0.006 |
RV cEF (%), N = 127 | 31.5 | (27.3–46.0) | 28.6 | (22.6–36.0) | 29.8 | (23.9–38.0) | 0.016 |
RA transverse diameter (cm) | 4.5 | (3.8–5.1) | 5.2 | (4.5–5.8) | 4.9 | (4.3–5.5) | < 0.001 |
RA longitudinal diameter (cm) | 4.9 | (4.1–5.2) | 5.2 | (4.5 -6.0) | 5.0 | (4.4–5.6) | 0.005 |
RA area (cm2) | 17.5 | (15.0–22.0) | 22.5 | (18.0 -28.5) | 20.0 | (16.0–25.0) | < 0.001 |
Maximum IVS flattening angle (°), N = 73 | 145.0 | (134.0 -149.0) | 150.0 | (140.0 -185.0) | 147.0 | (138.0 -162.0) | 0.016 |
Pulmonary regurgitation (ml/beat), N = 124 | 32.0 | (13.0–50.0) | 46.0 | (25.0–61.0) | 41.0 | (22.5–55.0) | 0.016 |
Pulmonary regurgitation (%), N = 127 | 39.0 | (14.0–48.0) | 43.0 | (31.0–53.0) | 41.0 | (27.0–50.0) | 0.045 |
RVEDVi increase (ml/m2), N = 60 | 1.0 | (-5.0 -15.0) | 17.0 | (0.0–25.0) | 9.5 | (-3.5 -23.0) | 0.009 |
RVESVi increase (ml/m2), N = 60 | -1.0 | (-2.0 -7.0) | 12.0 | (0.0–24.0) | 9.0 | (-2.0 -17.5) | 0.010 |
Age at first CMR (years) | 18.5 | (17.0 -20.9) | 27.9 | (19.2–43.0) | 22.1 | (18.0 -36.7) | < 0.001 |
Age at TOF repair (months), N = 127 | 12.6 | (7.4–27.0) | 30.1 | (11.4–88.9) | 23.1 | (9.5–67.7) | 0.001 |
Time from repair to CMR (years), N = 127 | 17.1 | (16.2–19.1) | 23.5 | (17.4–33.2) | 19.1 | (16.8–28.5) | < 0.001 |
Follow-up time after first CMR (months) | 85.2 | (46.0 -125.6) | 125.8 | (81.3 -158.5) | 110.4 | (70.5 -149.4) | 0.002 |
Pulmonary valve reintervention | 0.001 | ||||||
No reintervention | 31 | (73.8%) | 39 | (44.3%) | 70 | (53.8%) | |
Homograft | 7 | (16.7%) | 45 | (51.1%) | 52 | (40.0%) | |
Valvuloplasty | 1 | (2.4%) | 0 | (0.0%) | 1 | (0.8%) | |
PPVI | 3 | (7.1%) | 4 | (4.5%) | 7 | (5.4%) | |
RV EDVi ≥ 160 ml/m2 | 0.040 | ||||||
No | 39 | (92.9%) | 69 | (78.4%) | 108 | (83.1%) | |
Yes | 3 | (7.1%) | 19 | (21.6%) | 22 | (16.9%) | |
RV ESVi ≥ 65 ml/m2 | 0.009 | ||||||
No | 28 | (66.7%) | 37 | (42.0%) | 65 | (50.0%) | |
Yes | 14 | (33.3%) | 51 | (58.0%) | 65 | (50.0%) | |
RV ESVi ≥ 85 ml/m2 | 0.005 | ||||||
No | 41 | (97.6%) | 69 | (78.4%) | 110 | (84.6%) | |
Yes | 1 | (2.4%) | 19 | (21.6%) | 20 | (15.4%) | |
Type of abnormal IVS motion | 0.009 | ||||||
Normal IVS motion | 23 | (54.8%) | 34 | (38.6%) | 57 | (43.8%) | |
Diastolic IVS flattening | 18 | (42.9%) | 30 | (34.1%) | 48 | (36.9%) | |
Systo-diastolic IVS flattening | 0 | (0.0%) | 4 | (4.5%) | 4 | (3.1%) | |
Diastolic IVS inversion | 1 | (2.4%) | 20 | (22.7%) | 21 | (16.2%) | |
Abnormal IVS motion duration | 0.033 | ||||||
None | 23 | (54.8%) | 34 | (38.6%) | 57 | (43.8%) | |
Protodiastolic | 9 | (21.4%) | 12 | (13.6%) | 21 | (16.2%) | |
Holodiastolic | 10 | (23.8%) | 42 | (47.7%) | 52 | (40.0%) | |
Abnormal IVS motion extent | 0.033 | ||||||
Normal IVS motion | 23 | (54.8%) | 34 | (38.6%) | 57 | (43.8%) | |
Basal | 2 | (4.8%) | 3 | (3.4%) | 5 | (3.8%) | |
Basal-middle | 4 | (9.5%) | 2 | (2.3%) | 6 | (4.6%) | |
Basal-middle-apical | 13 | (31.0%) | 49 | (55.7%) | 62 | (47.7%) | |
RPA, N = 129 | 0.010 | ||||||
Normal anatomy | 33 | (80.5%) | 49 | (55.7%) | 82 | (63.6%) | |
Stenosis | 4 | (9.8%) | 11 | (12.5%) | 15 | (11.6%) | |
Hypoplasia | 2 | (4.9%) | 2 | (2.3%) | 4 | (3.1%) | |
Dilation | 2 | (4.9%) | 26 | (29.5%) | 28 | (21.7%) | |
LPA, N = 129 | 0.031 | ||||||
Normal anatomy | 20 | (48.8%) | 28 | (31.8%) | 48 | (37.2%) | |
Stenosis | 12 | (29.3%) | 21 | (23.9%) | 33 | (25.6%) | |
Hypoplasia | 4 | (9.8%) | 6 | (6.8%) | 10 | (7.8%) | |
Dilation | 5 | (12.2%) | 33 | (37.5%) | 38 | (29.5%) | |
MPA bifurcation geometry | 0.039 | ||||||
Normal | 38 | (90.5%) | 66 | (75.0%) | 104 | (80.0%) | |
Angled | 4 | (9.5%) | 22 | (25.0%) | 26 | (20.0%) | |
Number of stenotic/hypoplastic/dilated PA, N = 129 | 0.005 | ||||||
0 | 17 | (41.5%) | 25 | (28.4%) | 42 | (32.6%) | |
1 | 19 | (46.3%) | 27 | (30.7%) | 46 | (35.7%) | |
2 | 5 | (12.2%) | 36 | (40.9%) | 41 | (31.8%) | |