Table 2 Postoperative characteristics of 210 patients with ARDS after cardiac surgery, grouped by CPB time

Laboratory data, mean ± SD

 WBC (10⁹/L)

14.8 ± 6.3

15.1 ± 4.6

14.6 ± 7.0

14.8 ± 6.8

 Hb (g/L)

87.7 ± 15.4

93.7 ± 15.4

87.3 ± 15.8^a

83.9 ± 13.8^b

 Sodium (mmol/L)

143.8 ± 7.2

139.4 ± 6.0

144.5 ± 16.3

146.2 ± 6.9^b

 Potassium (mmol/L)

4.3 ± 1.0

3.9 ± 0.8

4.2 ± 1.0

4.8 ± 0.9 ^b,c

 BUN (mmol/L)

32.4 ± 15.2

20.7 ± 7.9

33.2 ± 15.3^a

40.0 ± 13.9 ^b,c

 Lactate (mmol/L)

8.8 ± 4.6

6.2 ± 4.2

9.3 ± 3.8^a

10.1 ± 4.9^b

Central venous pressure (cmH₂O), mean ± SD

11.7 ± 3.4

10.7 ± 2.4

11.9 ± 3.6

12.2 ± 3.6

Postoperative LVEF (%), mean ± SD

51.3 ± 10.6

52.3 ± 9.7

51.1 ± 10.0

50.8 ± 11.7

PaO2/FIO2 ratio

131.2 ± 49.5

147.7 ± 50.3

129.6 ± 49.3

121.3 ± 49.5b

ARDS severity, n (%)

 Mild

19 (9.0)

8 (14.5)

6 (7.8)

5 (6.4)

 Moderate

126 (60.0)

38 (69.1)

45 (58.4)

43(55.1)

 Severe

65 (31.0)

9 (16.4)

26 (33.8)^a

30 (38.5)^b

APACHE II score

18.9 ± 5.5

17.8 ± 5.0

18.1 ± 4.9

20.4 ± 6.0^b,c

Tracheotomy, n (%)

49 (23.3)

9 (16.4)

24 (31.2)

16 (20.5)

Duration of invasive ventilation (h)

173.5±

(72.0-301.75)

181.3±

(60–229)

159±

(72–228)

234±

(94–372) ^b

life support treatment, n (%)

 IABP

50 (23.8)

12 (21.8)

21 (27.3)

17 (21.8)

 CRRT

69 (32.9)

20 (36.4)

29 (37.7)

20 (25.6)

 ECMO

40 (19.0)

8 (14.5)

13 16.9()

19 (24.4)

Length of stay, median (IQR)

 ICU LOS

9.0 (4.0–15.0)

6.0 (2.0–13.0)

10.0 (4.5–14.5)

10.5 (6.0-17.3) ^b

 Hospital LOS

25.0 (16.0-39.3)

27.0 (21.0–42.0)

24.0 (17.0–37.0)

21.5 (14.0–39.0)

Mortality, n (%)

 ICU mortality, n (%)

44 (21.0)

3 (5.5)

15 (19.5)

26 (33.3) ^b

 Hospital mortality, n (%)

88 (41.9)

16 (29.1)

31 (40.3)

41 (52.6) ^b