Table 3 Prevalence of comorbidities in children and adults with congenital heart disease (CHD)

Perinatal diseases

87.50 (85.16–89.59)

0.00 (0.00–0.00)

Pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium complications

23.36 (20.65–26.31)

0.14 (0.04–0.51)

Other congenital anomalies

22.08 (19.43–24.98)

1.77 (1.20–2.60)

Eye and adnexa diseases

12.50 (10.45–14.88)

3.18 (2.39–4.23)

Digestive system diseases

12.50 (10.45–14.88)

17.88 (15.97–19.96)

Circulatory system diseases

9.00 (7.26–11.10)

53.78 (51.18–56.36)

Skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases

5.37 (4.05–7.09)

5.09 (4.06–6.36)

Endocrine diseases

4.67 (3.45–6.30)

35.76 (33.30–38.29)

Respiratory system diseases

3.74 (2.66–5.23)

23.46 (21.33–25.74)

Nervous system diseases

3.15 (2.18–4.55)

13.36 (11.68–15.23)

Genitourinary system diseases

1.99 (1.24–3.16)

16.61 (14.76–18.64)

Neoplasms

1.52 (0.89–2.58)

4.31 (3.37–5.50)

Blood disease

1.40 (0.80–2.43)

18.73 (16.78–20.84)

Musculoskeletal system diseases

1.17 (0.64–2.14)

9.82 (8.38–11.48)

Infectious diseases

0.47 (0.18–1.20)

1.27 (0.81–2.00)

Mental disorders

0.12 (0.02–0.66)

15.12 (13.35–17.08)

Ear and mastoid process diseases

0.00 (0.00–0.00)

0.85 (0.49–1.48)