Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics in patients with poor and good collateralization

Male, n (%)

204 (75.8)

306 (82.3)

0.047

Age, years

64.98 ± 9.20

63.95 ± 9.26

0.167

Body mass index, Kg/m²

25.29 ± 3.60

24.80 ± 3.20

0.072

Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg

133.57 ± 21.72

135.41 ± 19.70

0.263

Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg

75.19 ± 11.94

75.48 ± 11.96

0.761

Hypertension, n (%)

173 (64.3)

267 (71.8)

0.044

Diabetes, n (%)

158 (58.7)

167 (44.9)

0.001

Cigarette smoking, n (%)

106 (39.4)

110 (29.6)

0.009

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

77 (28.6)

88 (23.7)

0.156

Fasting blood glucose, mmol/L

6.51 ± 2.61

6.30 ± 2.16

0.269

Serum uric acid, µmol/L

372.57 ± 114.04

365.21 ± 102.26

0.392

Serum creatinine, µmol/L

93.04 ± 57.23

92.20 ± 73.12

0.875

BUN, mmol/L

6.74 ± 3.94

6.39 ± 2.58

0.199

HbA1c, %

6.61 ± 1.43

6.36 ± 1.20

0.020

GFR, mL/min/1.73m²

77.38 ± 20.70

79.88 ± 18.88

0.112

Triglyceride, mmol/L

1.78 ± 1.31

1.75 ± 1.33

0.808

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

4.23 ± 1.18

4.18 ± 1.17

0.593

HDL cholesterol, mmol/L

1.03 ± 0.24

1.06 ± 0.25

0.238

LDL cholesterol, mmol/L

2.59 ± 0.99

2.54 ± 1.05

0.575

Apolipoprotein A, g/L

1.13 ± 0.20

1.15 ± 0.21

0.179

Apolipoprotein B, g/L

0.85 ± 0.26

0.84 ± 0.26

0.694

Lipoprotein (a), g/L

0.32 ± 0.57

0.30 ± 0.41

0.514

hsCRP, mg/L

2.12 (0.76 ~ 8.00)

1.33 (0.59 ~ 5.61)

0.001

Severity of CAD, n (%)

 1-vessel

36 (13.4)

46 (12.4)

0.704

 2-vessel

62 (23.0)

96 (25.8)

0.424

 3-vessel

171 (63.6)

230 (61.8)

0.653

Peripheral artery disease, n (%)

 Carotid artery stenosis ≥ 50%

34 (12.6)

41 (11.0)

0.529

 Arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower extremities

17 (6.3)

19 (5.1)

0.511

Medication, n (%)

 ACE inhibitors/ARBs

160 (59.5)

226 (60.8)

0.745

 β-blockers

125 (46.5)

185 (49.7)

0.415

 Calcium channel blockers

66 (24.5)

101 (27.2)

0.457

 Nitrates

113 (42.0)

159 (42.7)

0.853

 Diuretic

65 (24.2)

71 (19.1)

0.121

 Statins

189 (70.3)

278 (74.7)

0.209

Secretoneurin (pmol/L)

143.29 ± 42.01

175.23 ± 52.09

< 0.001