Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of Participants with Diabetes according to lnSII
lnSII | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | ≤ 5.84 | 5.84–6.19 | 6.19–6.55 | > 6.55 | |
Participants, No. | 8668 | 2165 | 2168 | 2170 | 2165 |
Age, mean (SE), y | 59.19(0.24) | 59.35(0.43) | 59.05(0.41) | 59.26(0.41) | 59.13(0.47) |
Gender | |||||
Male | 4459(51.44) | 1196(54.60) | 1101(51.87) | 1103(50.80) | 1059(47.19) |
Female | 4209(48.56) | 969(45.40) | 1067(48.13) | 1067(49.20) | 1106(52.81) |
Ethnicity | |||||
Non-Hispanic White | 3175(36.63) | 594(52.75) | 703(59.70) | 886(65.48) | 992(69.47) |
Non-Hispanic Black | 2113(24.38) | 763(22.98) | 512(13.53) | 445(11.58) | 393(10.16) |
Mexican American | 1759(20.29) | 396( 9.53) | 497(10.96) | 455( 8.81) | 411( 7.79) |
Other | 1621(18.7) | 412(14.73) | 456(15.81) | 384(14.14) | 369(12.59) |
BMI | |||||
<25.0 | 1200(14.27) | 292(13.71) | 298(11.72) | 286(10.70) | 324(13.88) |
25.0-29.9 | 2554(30.37) | 707(30.92) | 665(27.13) | 618(27.96) | 564(24.63) |
≥30 | 4655(55.36) | 1118(55.37) | 1153(61.15) | 1195(61.34) | 1189(61.50) |
HEI, mean (SE) | 51.16(0.22) | 52.41(0.44) | 51.25(0.41) | 51.19(0.41) | 50.05(0.42) |
Smoking status | |||||
Never | 4320(49.97) | 1141(51.61) | 1107(49.87) | 1072(49.32) | 1000(47.21) |
Current | 1406(16.26) | 337(16.78) | 331(15.90) | 355(16.62) | 383(17.29) |
Former | 2920(33.77) | 680(31.62) | 725(34.23) | 739(34.06) | 776(35.51) |
Drinking status | |||||
Never | 1458(18.91) | 355(16.65) | 378(16.72) | 385(17.32) | 340(14.42) |
Mild-to-moderate | 2374(30.79) | 589(33.59) | 579(35.13) | 611(34.69) | 595(36.35) |
Heavy | 1708(22.15) | 423(24.57) | 449(25.50) | 443(24.37) | 393(22.62) |
Former | 2170(28.15) | 553(25.19) | 517(22.65) | 512(23.62) | 588(26.61) |
Education levels | |||||
Less than high school | 3231(37.34) | 859(29.56) | 840(26.31) | 771(22.56) | 761(23.96) |
High school or equivalent | 1976(22.84) | 480(25.17) | 500(26.39) | 484(24.79) | 512(25.98) |
College or above | 3445(39.82) | 821(45.27) | 827(47.31) | 911(52.64) | 886(50.06) |
Family income-poverty ratio | |||||
≤ 1.0 | 1868(23.9) | 479(18.36) | 462(16.73) | 455(15.69) | 472(16.74) |
1.0–3.0 | 3631(46.45) | 916(43.79) | 871(40.51) | 919(40.62) | 925(42.84) |
>3.0 | 2318(29.65) | 549(37.85) | 617(42.76) | 610(43.70) | 542(40.41) |
Duration of diabetes | |||||
≤3 years | 4179(48.21) | 1099(52.14) | 1036(50.52) | 1065(49.54) | 979(48.76) |
3–10 years | 1923(22.19) | 485(23.74) | 515(23.05) | 446(21.32) | 477(21.37) |
>10 years | 2566(29.6) | 581(24.12) | 617(26.43) | 659(29.14) | 709(29.87) |
FBG, mmol/L | 8.43(0.06) | 8.34(0.14) | 8.60(0.14) | 8.33(0.12) | 8.45(0.11) |
HOMA-IR | 8.64(0.23) | 8.64(0.42) | 8.31(0.45) | 8.66(0.37) | 8.90(0.50) |
HbA1c, % | |||||
<7.0 | 4906(56.76) | 1234(59.27) | 1197(57.73) | 1222(60.18) | 1253(59.81) |
≥7.0 | 3737(43.24) | 925(40.73) | 964(42.27) | 939(39.82) | 909(40.19) |
Diabetes medication use | |||||
No insulin or pills | 3266(37.68) | 865(42.35) | 798(38.97) | 845(39.20) | 758(36.56) |
Only diabetes pills | 3741(43.16) | 935(40.39) | 983(44.64) | 920(42.78) | 903(39.68) |
Only insulin | 799(9.22) | 168( 8.62) | 172( 7.02) | 189( 8.35) | 270(13.56) |
Pills and insulin | 862(9.94) | 197( 8.64) | 215( 9.37) | 216( 9.67) | 234(10.20) |
Self-reported disease | |||||
Hypertension | 6208(71.64) | 1539(68.25) | 1533(68.12) | 1550(70.41) | 1586(70.29) |
Hyperlipidemia | 7479(86.29) | 1828(86.57) | 1883(88.30) | 1913(89.05) | 1855(86.65) |
ASCVD | 2012(23.27) | 479(22.47) | 442(20.20) | 528(22.92) | 563(22.33) |
CKD | 3503(41.74) | 767(32.58) | 798(34.31) | 902(39.38) | 1036(42.08) |
TG, mmol/L | 1.93(0.04) | 2.00(0.08) | 1.98(0.08) | 1.94(0.05) | 1.81(0.06) |
TC, mmol/L | 4.89(0.02) | 4.99(0.04) | 4.91(0.03) | 4.91(0.04) | 4.79(0.03) |
HDL, mmol/L | 1.23(0.01) | 1.24(0.01) | 1.23(0.01) | 1.22(0.01) | 1.25(0.01) |
LDL, mmol/L | 2.77(0.02) | 2.81(0.04) | 2.85(0.04) | 2.73(0.04) | 2.71(0.04) |