Table 1 A summary of included studies
From: Can the current monkeypox affect the heart? A systematic review of case series and case report
Study ID | Country | Study design | Age (Years) | Male gender | Presenting symptoms | History of vaccinations | History of other etiology of myocarditis or infections | Homosexual /bisexual/MSM | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Systemic | Non-systemic | Cardiac | |||||||||
Santaliz-Ruiz et al. 2023 [17] | Puerto Rico | Case Report | 21 | Yes | Fever, Myalgia, Nausea, Vomiting, Headache, and Watery Diarrhea, Cervical Lymphadenopathy | Vesiculopustules on face, trunk, suprapubic area, and Extremities | Retrosternal non-radiating oppressive chest pain | NO | No | Yes | |
Brouillard et al. 2022 [15] | Canada | Case Report | 34 | Yes | Fever, Chills | A well-circumscribed, umbilicated papule on the pubis, and an ulcerated lesion on the glans penis | Constant, sharp, and pleuritic non radiating chest pain, relieved when sitting upright and worse when lying down | No | No, but later presented positive for Chlamydia and negative for Gonorrhea | NO, but stayed at a homosexual friend’s house two weeks earlier | |
Dumont et al. 2022 [14] | Case 1 | France | Case series | 21 | Yes | Fever | Anal pustules | Acute chest pain radiating into the arms and jaw appeared | No | No | Yes |
Case 2 | 25 | Yes | NA | Pustules on the face and penis | Constant chest pain and palpitations | No | No | NA | |||
Case 3 | 32 | Yes | Fever | Erosive cutaneous lesions on the penis | Retrosternal chest pain radiating to the left arm | No | Slightly detectable Epstein-Barr virus DNA in blood < 500copies/mL | No | |||
Miller et al. 2022 [16] | USA | Case-series | In his 302 | Yes | NA | Rash on his face, head, back, and genitals then spread, coalesced, and developed central necrosis, Phimosis, urinary retention | Atrial Fibrillation | NA | HIV, Syphilis | NA | |
Pinho et al. 2022 [10] | Portugal | Case Report | 31 | Yes | Fever, Malaise, Myalgia | Eruption of multiple swollen and umbilicated cutaneous lesions on his face, hands, and genitalia | Chest tightness radiating to the left upper extremity that awoke him during the night | Prophylaxis against HIV | NO, Paucisymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection 2 months before this event | Yes | |
Rodriguez-Nava et al. 2022 [11] | Case 1 | USA | Case-series | 32 | Yes | Viral illness, Cervical Lymphadenopathy | Disseminated rash and a painful penile lesion | Chest pain and dyspnea for 1 day | No | Syphilis treated by doxycycline | Yes |
Case 2 | 37 | Yes | Fever, Dyspnea, Inguinal Lymphadenopathy, Decreased Exercise Tolerance | Multiple skin lesions in both arms and a lesion at the base of the penis | Difficulty breathing and decreased exercise tolerance without chest pain | Prophylaxis against HIV | Syphilis | NA | |||
Shaik et al. 2022 [12] | USA | Case-Report | 51 | Yes | Fever, Fatigued, Flu-like symptoms, Malaise | Developed several vesiculopustular lesions on his face and extremities | Retrosternal chest pain radiating to the left arm | NA | NA | NA | |
Tan et al. 2022 [13] | Canada | Case-Report | 40 | Yes | Fever, Chills, Myalgia, headache | Umbilicated maculopapular and vesicular skin lesions over his chest, arms, Libs and genitals | Central, non-radiating, pressure-like chest pain but denied cough, palpitations, or shortness of breath | NO | Stable HIV (CD4 count = 609 cells/mm3, viral load undetectable, antiretroviral therapy) | Yes | |
Thornhill et al. 2022 [3] | Case 1 | NA | Case-series | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Case 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||
Study ID | Route of transmission | Immunocompromised | Treatment | Duration of hospitalization | Investigation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mpox | Myocarditis | Mpox | Myocarditis | Follow-up | |||||
Santaliz-Ruiz et al. 2023 [17] | Sexual transmission | No | NA | High-dose Aspirin, Oral Colchicine 0.6 mg daily | Five days | PCR assay of a swab sample from a skin lesion | CBC, CMP, ECG, Echo, Troponin, Cardiac MRI | Cardiac MRI after Eight weeks | |
Brouillard et al. 2022 [15] | Contact with soiled linens of a homosexual friend | No | - Prophylactic Ceftriaxone and Azithromycin - Acyclovir in negative pressure room - Tecovirimat for 14 day after confirmed diagnosis | ACE inhibitors | Nine days | PCR assay of a swab sample from a skin lesion | ECG, Echo, Cardiac MRI, Troponin, Standard labs | The patient left the hospital before undergoing his control cardiac MRI | |
Dumont et al. 2022 [14] | Case 1 | Sexual transmission | No | NA | Bisoprolol and Ramipril | NA | PCR assay of a swab sample from a 14skin lesion | ECG, Troponin, CK, TTE, CRP, contrast CT chest | Cardiac MRI after four weeks |
Case 2 | Sexual transmission | No | NA | Bisoprolol and Ramipril | NA | PCR assay of a swab sample from a skin lesion | ECG, Troponin, CK, CRP, TTE | NA | |
Case 3 | Sexual transmission | No | Oral Tecovirimat for 14 day after confirmed diagnosis | Bisoprolol, Ramipril and Anti-aggregation | NA | PCR assay of a swab sample from a skin lesion | ECG, Troponin, CK, TTE, CRP, Cardiac-CT Scan | Cardiac MRI after 11 days | |
Miller et al. 2022 [16] | NA | Yes | - Oral Tecovirimat for 14 day after confirmed diagnosis, then IV in ICU - 2 doses of VIGIV - Antimicrobials | NA | - 4 weeks in the 1st admission - 15-day in the 2nd admission | PCR assay of a swab sample from a skin lesion | NA | NA | |
Pinho et al. 2022 [10] | NA | NA | NA | Supportive care and exercise restriction | One week | PCR assay of a swab sample from a skin lesion | ECG, Chest X-ray, TTE, CRP, CK, Troponin, Brain natriuretic peptide, urine and blood toxicology tests, Cardiac MRI | NO | |
Rodriguez-Nava et al. 2022 [11] | Case 1 | Sexual transmission | No | Oral Tecovirimat for 14 day after confirmed diagnosis | No specific treatment due to the rapid resolution | 10 days | PCR assay of a swab sample from a skin lesion | ECG, Troponin, Chest X-ray, CRP, ESR, N-terminal prohormone B-type Natriuretic Peptide | Echo on hospital day2, Troponin in hospital day 6 |
Case 2 | Sexual transmission | No | Supportive care | Supportive care | 4 days | PCR assay of a swab sample from a skin lesion | ECG, Troponin, Echo, B-type natriuretic peptide | Cardiac enzymes testing | |
Shaik et al. 2022 [12] | NA | No | Supportive care | Nitroglycerin at presentation, 1 g aspirin/h for 2 weeks | 7 days | PCR assay of a swab sample from a skin lesion | ECG,TEE, Chest X-ray, Troponin, CBC, ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, CRP, ESR, HbA1c | High-dose aspirin, and a planned cardiac follow-up | |
Tan et al. 2022 [13] | Sexual transmission | No | Valacyclovir for initial diagnosis consideration of HSV 1,or 2 | Supportive care | NA | PCR assay of a swab sample from a skin lesion | ECG, CK, Echo, Cardiac Catheterization, Cardiac MRI, Troponin, Routine Chemistries, CBC | Full recovery after 25 days | |
Thornhill et al. 2022 [3] | Case 1 | NA | NA | NA | self-limiting (< 7 days) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Case 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | ||