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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Prognostic impact of in-hospital hemoglobin decline in non-overt bleeding ICU patients with acute myocardial infarction

 

Hemoglobin Drop

No Hemoglobin Drop (n = 271)

Minimal (< 3 g/dl) (n = 1661)

Minor (< 3 g/dl&< 5 g/dl) (n = 284)

Major (≥ 5 g/dl) (n = 118)

P value

Age, years

70.0 (61.5, 78.0)

68.0 (59.0, 78.0)

67.5 (58.0, 77.0)

67.0 (56.0, 73.0)

0.011

Female, n (%)

90 (33.2)

597 (35.9)

94 (33.1)

31 (26.3)

0.145

Weight, kg

79.0 (68.2, 92.6)

81.6 (69.0, 95.0)

78.0 (68.0, 92.4)

84.5 (73.6, 93.7)

0.075

Ethnicity, n (%)

    

0.046

 White

160 (59.0)

1042 (62.7)

149 (52.5)

72 (61.0)

 

 Black

17 (6.3)

121 (7.28)

23 (8.1)

4 (3.4)

 

 Asian

7 (2.6)

35 (2.1)

7 (2.5)

1 (0.9)

 

 Other

87 (32.1)

463 (27.9)

105 (37.0)

41 (34.8)

 

Previous MI

33 (12.2)

181 (10.9)

20 (7.0)

14 (11.0)

0.183

STEMI

28 (10.3)

258 (15.5)

68 (23.9)

40 (33.9)

< 0.001

NSTEMI

179 (66.1)

916 (55.2)

144 (50.7)

42 (35.6)

< 0.001

Troponin T rise

231 (85.2)

1493 (89.9)

264 (93.0)

110 (93.2)

0.013

Cardiac arrest

10 (3.7)

84 (5.1)

31 (10.9)

20 (17.0)

< 0.001

Killip class

    

< 0.001

 I

164 (60.5)

869 (52.3)

129 (45.4)

50 (42.4)

 

 II

101 (37.3)

692 (41.7)

129 (45.4)

51 (43.2)

 

 III

2 (0.7)

15 (0.9)

2 (0.7)

4 (3.4)

 

 IV

4 (1.5)

85 (5.1)

24 (8.5)

13 (11.0)

 

Comorbidities, n (%)

     

Diabetes

76 (28.0)

428 (25.8)

74 (26.1)

29 (24.6)

0.859

Hypertension

97 (35.8)

492 (29.6)

82 (28.9)

35 (29.7)

0.209

CAD

188 (69.4)

1081 (65.1)

185 (65.1)

87 (73.7)

0.155

CHF

79 (29.2)

592 (35.6)

125 (44.0)

52 (44.1)

0.001

CKD

54 (19.9)

277 (16.7)

50 (17.6)

19 (16.1)

0.601

COPD

14 (5.2)

147 (8.9)

29 (10.2)

8 (6.8)

0.129

Vital signs

     

RR, bpm

18.6 (16.7, 20.7)

18.8 (16.9, 21.2)

19.6 (17.4, 22.3)

20.5 (18.1, 22.9)

< 0.001

 h, bpm

80.8 (73.3, 87.6)

80.6 (72.2, 89.5)

83.1 (71.4, 93.0)

81.8 (71.2, 93.2)

0.261

Temperature, °C

36.7 (36.5, 36.9)

36.8 (36.6, 37.0)

36.8 (36.6, 37.1)

36.9 (36.6, 37.2)

< 0.001

SBP, mmHg

112.7 (106.6, 119.4)

112.5 (105.0, 121.3)

109.3 (104.2, 119.2)

111.6 (102.8, 122.2)

0.036

DBP, mmHg

58.4 (52.8, 67.4)

61.0 (55.0, 68.5)

62.0 (56.2, 69.4)

65.6 (59.6, 71.4)

< 0.001

MBP, mmHg

74.4 (70.1, 80.2)

75.9 (70.2, 82.2)

77.3 (72.3, 83.9)

80.9 (74.9, 87.6)

< 0.001

SpO2, %

97.3 (96.0, 98.3)

97.0 (95.8, 98.2)

97.1 (95.8, 98.4)

97.0 (95.3, 98.4)

0.208

Laboratory Results

     

WBC, ×109/L

14.20 (10.8, 17.8)

13.6 (10.4, 18.3)

15.5 (11.6, 20.9)

17.2 (12.4, 22.4)

< 0.001

RBC, ×109/L

2.9 (2.5, 3.8)

3.5 (3.0, 4.1)

4.0 (3.5, 4.5)

4.5 (3.9, 4.9)

< 0.001

Hematocrit, %

33.8 (30.1, 39.5)

35.20 (31.0, 39.8)

38.80 (34.6, 42.6)

42.8 (39.5, 45.9)

< 0.001

Baseline hemoglobin, g/dl

8.6 (7.4, 11.5)

10.4 (8.9, 12.2)

12.1 (10.9, 13.5)

13.5 (12.5, 14.9)

< 0.001

PLT, ×109/L

211.0 (163.0, 270.0)

198.0 (152.0, 251.5)

211.0 (164.0, 271.0)

214.0 (161.8, 271.3)

0.008

Calcium, mg/dl

8.7 (8.2, 9.1)

8.7 (8.2, 9.2)

8.7 (8.2, 9.1)

8.7 (8.3, 9.1)

0.597

Chloride, mEq/L

105.0 (102.0, 108.0)

106.0 (103.0, 109.0)

105.0 (102.0, 108.0)

106.0 (103.0, 109.0)

< 0.001

Potassium, mmol/L

4.60 (4.2, 5.0)

4.60 (4.3, 5.0)

4.60 (4.2, 5.0)

4.60 (4.2, 5.2)

0.233

Sodium, mmol/L

139.0 (137.0, 141.0)

139.0 (137.0, 141.0)

139.0 (137.0, 141.0)

140.0 (137.0, 142.0)

0.009

Bicarbonate, mEq/L

24.0 (22.0, 26.0)

24.0 (22.0, 26.0)

24.0 (22.0, 26.0)

23.0 (21.0, 26.0)

< 0.001

Anion gap, mEq/L

17.0 (14.0, 20.0)

16.0 (13.0, 19.0)

17.0 (14.00, 20.0)

18.0 (15.0, 21.0)

< 0.001

Creatinine, mg/dl

1.2 (0.9, 1.8)

1.10 (0.9, 1.7)

1.2 (0.9, 1.8)

1.3 (1.0, 1.9)

< 0.001

BUN, mg/dl

23.0 (16.0, 37.0)

21.0 (16.0, 36.5)

22.0 (16.0, 37.0)

25.0 (18.0, 39.0)

0.004

INR

1.3 (1.2, 1.5)

1.4 (1.2, 1.6)

1.3 (1.2, 1.5)

1.30 (1.2, 1.5)

0.045

PT, s

14.4 (12.7, 16.5)

15.0 (12.8, 17.1)

14.4 (12.6, 16.3)

14.2 (12.7, 16.3)

0.052

APTT, s

45.3 (31.1, 79.5)

37.6 (29.7, 61.0)

45.3 (30.8, 74.9)

60.2 (37.3, 109.2)

< 0.001

Glucose, mg/dl

135.6 (119.3, 168.4)

128.0 (117.4, 147.4)

135.7 (119.0, 166.8)

141.2 (122.0, 178.6)

< 0.001

Troponin T, ng/ml

1.6 (0.4, 4.9)

1.4 (0.3, 3.9)

1.6 (0.4, 4.9)

1.3 (0.5, 4.7)

< 0.001

Score System

     

SOFA

5 (3, 8)

5 (2, 8)

7 (5, 10)

9 (6, 13)

< 0.001

OASIS

31 (24, 37)

31 (25, 38)

36 (29, 43)

35 (28, 42)

< 0.001

APSIII

38 (28, 53)

41 (30, 57)

50 (36, 74)

54 (38, 84)

< 0.001

SAPSII

37 (29, 45)

35 (28, 45)

40 (32, 49)

40 (31, 50)

< 0.001

Treatment

     

PCI

40 (14.8)

331 (19.9)

30 (10.6)

13 (11.0)

< 0.001

CAGB

17 (6.3)

65 (3.9)

20 (7.0)

17 (14.4)

< 0.001

Medications

     

Antiplatelet agents

254 (93.7)

1571 (94.6)

267 (94.0)

112 (94.9)

0.925

Anticoagulation agents

243 (89.7)

1548 (93.2)

273 (96.1)

118 (100.0)

< 0.001

Antiremodeling agents

112 (41.3)

848 (51.1)

140 (49.3)

47 (39.8)

0.004

Beta-blockers

234 (86.4)

1415 (85.2)

231 (81.3)

99 (83.9)

0.332

Statins

245 (90.4)

1520 (91.5)

254 (89.4)

101 (85.6)

0.137

  1. Data are presented as median (interquartile range), or number of patients (%)
  2. MI, myocardial infarction; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; RR, respiratory rate; HR, heart rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MBP, mean blood pressure; SpO2, percutaneous oxygen saturation; WBC, white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell; PLT, platelet; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; INR, international normalized ratio; PT, prothrombin time; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; OASIS, oxford acute severity of illness score; APSIII, acute physiology score III; SAPSII, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II; PCI, percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting
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BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

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