Table 1 Baseline Characteristics before and after propensity score matching
Characteristics | Propensity Score Matching | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before | After | |||||
NOACs (n = 270) | Warfarin (n = 465) | ASD | NOACs (n = 254) | Warfarin (n = 254) | ASD | |
Age, years | 78.7 ± 8.8 | 76.1 ± 9.2 | 0.287 | 78.6 ± 8.8 | 78.3 ± 7.9 | 0.032 |
 < 65 | 24 (8.9) | 52 (11.2) |  | 23 (9.1) | 12 (4.7) |  |
 65–74 | 35 (13.0) | 119 (25.6) |  | 32 (12.6) | 55 (21.7) |  |
 ≥ 75 | 211 (78.1) | 294 (63.2) |  | 199 (78.3) | 187 (73.6) |  |
Male gender –n (%) | 154 (57.0) | 277 (59.6) | 0.050 | 147 (57.9) | 142 (55.9) | 0.040 |
CHA2DS2-VASc score | 4.48 ± 1.55 | 4.01 ± 1.51 | 0.308 | 4.45 ± 1.42 | 4.45 ± 1.38 | < 0.001 |
 0–1 | 5 (1.9) | 21 (4.5) |  | 5 (2.0) | 3 (1.2) |  |
 2–3 | 56 (20.7) | 146 (31.4) |  | 54 (21.2) | 62 (24.4) |  |
 ≥4 | 209 (77.4) | 298 (64.1) |  | 195 (76.8) | 189 (74.4) |  |
Comorbidities –n (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Congestive heart failure | 166 (61.5) | 260 (55.9) | 0.116 | 153 (60.2) | 152 (59.8) | 0.008 |
 Hypertension | 228 (84.4) | 384 (92.6) | 0.050 | 212 (83.5) | 220 (86.6) | 0.088 |
 Diabetes mellitus | 85 (31.5) | 151 (32.5) | 0.020 | 82 (32.3) | 84 (33.1) | 0.017 |
 Ischemic heart disease | 176 (65.2) | 297 (63.9) | 0.034 | 166 (65.4) | 170 (66.9) | 0.033 |
 Previous MI | 35 (13.0) | 60 (12.9) | 0.002 | 33 (13.0) | 38 (15.0) | 0.057 |
 Peripheral artery disease | 137 (50.7) | 141 (30.3) | 0.425 | 123 (48.4) | 106 (41.7) | 0.135 |
 prior stroke/TIA/SSE | 27 (10.0) | 51 (11.0) | 0.031 | 26 (10.2) | 29 (11.4) | 0.038 |
 COPD | 189 (70.0) | 257 (55.3) | 0.308 | 175 (68.9) | 178 (70.1) | 0.026 |
 Chronic kidney disease | 35 (13.0) | 69 (14.8) | 0.022 | 35 (13.8) | 38 (15.0) | 0.034 |
 Dyslipidemia | 232 (85.9) | 358 (77.0) | 0.259 | 217 (85.4) | 219 (86.2) | 0.023 |
Concurrent Medication–n (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Aspirin | 116 (43.0) | 192 (41.3) | 0.035 | 106 (41.7) | 107 (42.1) | 0.008 |
 P2Y12 inhibitor | 54 (20.0) | 79 (17.0) | 0.079 | 48 (18.9) | 51 (20.1) | 0.030 |
 Beta-blocker | 136 (50.4) | 234 (50.3) | 0.007 | 125 (49.2) | 133 (52.4) | 0.063 |
 Calcium-channel blocker | 159 (58.9) | 228 (49.0) | 0.194 | 147 (57.9) | 148 (58.3) | 0.008 |
 ACE inhibitor or ARB | 162 (60.0) | 291 (62.6) | 0.051 | 154 (60.6) | 155 (61.0) | 0.008 |
 Statin | 111 (41.1) | 201 (43.2) | 0.037 | 106 (41.7) | 113 (44.5) | 0.056 |
 Digoxin | 61 (22.6) | 168 (36.1) | 0.309 | 60 (23.6) | 62 (24.4) | 0.018 |