Table 1 Clinical characteristics of post-cardiac injury syndrome reported in the literature
Study | Study design | Gender/age | Operation | Clinical symptoms | Examination | Treatment | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CIED implantation | |||||||
Filbey 2020 [2] | Cohort | M(70.5%), 68.4(±13.3) | CIED implantation (incidence of 0.38%) | Dyspnea, chest pain, dry cough, and low-grade fever | ESR, leukocytes and CRP increases. | Pericardiocentesis, steroids or NSAID + steroids | 32170340 |
Tadashi 2017 [5] | Case report | M,87 | CRT implantation | low‐grade fever | Elevation of inflammatory marker | Colchicine | 28588855 |
PCI | |||||||
Wang 2020 [3] | Case report | M,40 | PCI | ARDS, vomiting, heavy sweating, and wet and cold limbs with irritability | ECG showed bow-back downward ST elevation in leads I, II, III, and V4-V6. ESR and CRP increases. | Prednisone 20 mg/d | 32620081 |
Greener 2017 [6] | Case report | M,72 | Chronic total occlusion-PCI | Severe pleuritic chest pain and a low-grade fever | ESR, leukocytes and CRP increased. Hemoglobin drop | High dose of aspirin and colchicine, clopidogrel. | 28588855 |
Transcatheter valve replacement/repair | |||||||
Alachkar 2020 [4] | Case report | F,79 | Transcatheter mitral valve repair | Fatigue, malaise, and non-specific epigastric pain | CRP increased and normal procalcitonin. CMR showed thickened pericardium with late gadolinium enhancement of both pericardium and pleura | High dose Aspirin (3g/day) and Colchicine (0.5 mg/day) | 32974454 |
Llubani 2018 [7] | Case report | F,79 | TAVI | Chest pain, dyspnea at rest, cough, and low-grade fever | Values of leucocytes and CRP were increased | Colchicine 0.5 mg, prednisone 20 mg, and ibuprofen 800 mg daily | 31020183 |
Catheter ablation | |||||||
Davtyan 2022 [11] | Case report | F,66 | ventricular arrhythmias | Dull oppressive non-radiating retrosternal chest pain | CMR showed local accumulation of pericardial fluid in front of the RVOT anterior wall, accompanied by adjacent oedema and pericardial contrast enhancement. ESR, leukocytes and CRP normal. | Diclofenac sodium 75 mg/daily | 35028502 |
Wenzl 2021 [10] | Case report | F,62 | Right septal ablation for AVNRT | Low-grade fever, chest pain on inspiration | Cardiac markers and leukocytosis increases. ECG showed diffuse saddle-shaped ST segment elevations. | Aspirin and low-dose colchicine | 34953495 |
Li 2019 [8] | Case reports | M,82 | Persistent AF | Poor appetite, fatigue and low-grade fever | ESR, CRP and NT-proBNP increases. There were marked hyponatremias (111 mmol/L, nor- mal value 137–145 mmol/L) and hypoalbuminemia (25 g/ L, normal value 35–50 g/L). Serious hypoxemia with arterial blood gas values as follows: pH, 7.54; PaO2, 71.25 mmHg; PaCO2, 38.7 mmHg. | Left-side thoracentesis, prednisone (10 mg, bid) and human serum albumin (10 g per day) | 30322760 |
M,78 | Persistent AF | Cough, dyspnea and fever | CRP and NT-proBNP increases. | Prednisone (10 mg, bid) | |||
Han 2016 [9] | Case report | F,68 | AF | Developed cough and mild chest discomfort | ESR, percentage of eosinophilic granulocytes and CRP increases. | Corticosteroid for half a month | 30546651 |