Table 2 Baseline characteristics stratified by coronary computed tomography angiography results
All (N = 284) | Obstructive CAD (N = 23) | Normal/non-obstructive (N = 261) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Age (years) | 53 ± 12 | 68 ± 8 | 52 ± 11 | < 0.0001 |
Male gender | 235 (83%) | 18 (78%) | 217 (83%) | 0.55 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.0 ± 4.8 | 30.6 ± 6.4 | 28.9 ± 4.6 | 0.97 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Hypertension | 83 (29%) | 16 (70%) | 67 (26%) | < 0.0001 |
Diabetes | 48 (17%) | 7 (30%) | 41 (16%) | 0.071 |
Dyslipidemia | 85 (30%) | 16 (70%) | 69 (26%) | < 0.0001 |
Smoking history | 170 (60%) | 15 (65%) | 155 (59%) | 0.58 |
Framingham Risk Score | 24 ± 20 | 23 ± 14 | 25 ± 20 | 0.69 |
Hemodynamics | ||||
Resting heart rate (bpm) | 69 ± 10 | 72 ± 15 | 69 ± 9 | 0.16 |
Resting SBP (mmHg) | 118 ± 12 | 124 ± 15 | 117 ± 11 | 0.010 |
Peak heart rate (bpm) | 140 ± 18 | 143 ± 16 | 122 ± 20 | < 0.0001 |
Peak SBP (mmHg) | 167 ± 17 | 167 ± 18 | 167 ± 16 | 0.96 |
% MPHR | 79 ± 11 | 81 ± 12 | 79 ± 11 | 0.38 |
Exercise time (min) | 9.3 ± 7.3 | 7.6 ± 4.6 | 9.4 ± 7.4 | 0.32 |
Duke Treadmill Score | 3.5 ± 4.3 | 2.1 ± 3.4 | 3.6 ± 4.4 | 0.16 |
Hemodynamic gain index | 1.74 ± 0.66 | 1.36 ± 0.53 | 1.77 ± 0.67 | 0.005 |
Hemodynamic gain index ≤ 1.25 | 67 (24%) | 10 (44%) | 57 (22%) | 0.019 |