Table 1 Baseline characteristics of all patients, and stratified by E/e′ below and above median at 4 months after STEMI
| Â | Â | No. (%) | Â | Â |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | Total (n = 267) | E/e′ ≤ median (n = 134) | E/e′ > median (n = 133) | P value |
Age, years | 58.0 ± 11.3 | 56.2 ± 10.6 | 59.9 ± 11.7 |  < 0.01 |
Women | 62 (23.2%) | 20 (14.9%) | 42 (31.6%) |  < 0.01 |
Metformin treatment | 139 (52.1%) | 68 (50.7%) | 71 (53.4%) | 0.67 |
Body weight, kg | 84.3 ± 14.5 | 85.6 ± 13.6 | 82.9 ± 15.3 | 0.12 |
Body-mass Index, kg/m2 | 26.8 ± 3.6 | 26.8 ± 3.5 | 26.8 ± 3.6 | 0.85 |
Race/ethnicity | ||||
 White | 257 (96.3%) | 131 (97.8%) | 126 (94.7%) | 0.19 |
 Asian | 9 (3.4%) | 3 (2.2%) | 6 (4.5%) | 0.30 |
 Black | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0.50 |
Cardiovascular related history | ||||
 Hypertension | 73 (27.3%) | 28 (20.9%) | 45 (33.8%) | 0.02 |
 Dyslipidemia | 163 (61.0%) | 83 (61.9%) | 80 (60.2%) | 0.76 |
 Current smoking | 145 (54.3%) | 79 (59.0%) | 66 (49.6%) | 0.13 |
 Stroke | 2 (0.7%) | 1 (0.7%) | 1 (0.8%) | 1.00 |
 Previous PCI | 3 (1.1%) | 2 (1.5%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0.57 |
Blood pressure, mmHg | ||||
 Systolic | 134.6 ± 23.2 | 131.2 ± 20.9 | 138.0 ± 24.8 | 0.02 |
 Diastolic | 84.8 ± 14.5 | 83.6 ± 14.0 | 86.0 ± 15.0 | 0.19 |
Heart rate, beats/min | 75.6 ± 15.6 | 76.0 ± 16.2 | 75.3 ± 15.0 | 0.71 |
Infarct-related factors | ||||
 Ischemia time, min | 154 (108, 250) | 150 (109, 240) | 161 (108, 254) | 0.50 |
 Multi vessel disease | 80 (30.0%) | 34 (25.4%) | 46 (34.6%) | 0.10 |
 Anterior infarction | 102 (38.2%) | 48 (35.8%) | 54 (40.6%) | 0.42 |
Intervention-related assessments | ||||
 TIMI flow grade pre PCI ≤ 1 | 173 (64.8%) | 87 (64.9%) | 86 (64.7%) | 0.96 |
 TIMI flow grade post PCI < 3 | 20 (7.5%) | 10 (7.5%) | 10 (7.5%) | 0.99 |
 Myocardial blush grade ≤ 1 | 24 (9.1%) | 11 (8.3%) | 13 (9.8%) | 0.67 |
Laboratory values at admission | ||||
 Glucose, mmol/ L | 8.1 (7, 9.5) | 7.9 (6.9, 8.9) | 8.5 (7, 10.1) | 0.03 |
 HbA1c, % | 5.8 (5.6, 6) | 5.7 (5.6, 5.9) | 5.8 (5.6, 6.1) | 0.07 |
 Hemoglobin, mmol/ L | 9 (8.4, 9.4) | 8.95 (8.5, 9.4) | 9 (8.4, 9.4) | 0.93 |
 Creatinine, µmol/ L | 72 (63, 82) | 74 (64, 83) | 70 (61, 80) | 0.07 |
 eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2 | 95 (86, 103) | 96 (86, 103) | 94 (85, 103) | 0.39 |
 AST, U/L | 28 (22, 41) | 26 (22, 40) | 31 (23, 45) | 0.22 |
 ALT, U/L | 25 (18, 35) | 24.5 (19, 33) | 25 (17, 37) | 0.61 |
 NT-proBNP, ng/L | 74 (37, 173) | 59 (32, 110) | 89 (45, 266) |  < 0.01 |
 CK, U/L | 128 (84, 201) | 132 (86, 201) | 118 (81, 196) | 0.73 |
 Myocardial band of CK, U/L | 16 (13, 25) | 15 (13, 22) | 16 (13, 30) | 0.19 |
 Troponine T, ng/L | 46 (21, 135) | 40 (20, 130) | 52 (26, 136) | 0.25 |
 Total cholesterol, mmol/ L | 5.4 (4.8, 6.1) | 5.5 (4.8, 6.2) | 5.3 (4.7, 6) | 0.13 |
 LDL cholesterol, mmol/ L | 3.8 (3.3, 4.4) | 3.9 (3.3, 4.6) | 3.8 (3.2, 4.4) | 0.27 |
 HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.1 (0.9, 1.3) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.3) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) | 0.57 |