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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Thyroid hormone, cortisol, interleukin-2, and procalcitonin regulate postoperative delirium in acute type A aortic dissection patients

Variables

Without POD n = 146

With POD n = 78

χ2 /Z/t

P value

Demographics

Age (years), mean ± SD

51.20 ± 11.38

55.58 ± 11.42

2.741

0.007a

BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD

24.05 ± 3.69

25.63 ± 4.35

2.726

0.007a

Sex (Female), n (%)

36 (24.7%)

20 (25.6%)

0.026

1.000b

Comorbidities

Hypertension, n (%)

108 (74.0%)

56 (71.8%)

0.123

0.726 b

Diabetes, n (%)

16 (11.0%)

5 (6.4%)

1.238

0.266b

Smoking, n (%)

33 (22.6%)

25 (32.1%)

2.365

0.124b

Drinking history, n (%)

30 (20.5%)

27 (34.6%)

5.303

0.021b

Laboratory values

Preoperative TSH (mIU/L), mean ± SD

2.20 ± 1.75

2.02 ± 1.65

0.748

0.455a

Preoperative FT3 (pmol/L), mean ± SD

5.08 ± 1.78

4.57 ± 1.05

2.694

0.008 a

Preoperative FT4 (pmol/L), mean ± SD

13.30 ± 4.08

11.69 ± 6.40

2.291

0.023 a

Preoperative cortisol (nmol/l), median (Q1, Q3)

316.64 (281.18,376.56)

399.31 (334.95,451.85)

7.005

< 0.001c

Preoperative IL-2 (pg/ml), median (Q1, Q3)

2.56 (1.94,3.16)

3.21 (2.72,3.69)

6.201

< 0.001c

Preoperative PCT (ng/mL), median (Q1, Q3)

0.03 (0.02,0.05)

0.05 (0.04,0.06)

6.306

< 0.001c

White blood cell count (× 109/L), median (Q1, Q3)

9.0 (7.2, 12.2)

9.2 (7.8, 13.4)

1.440

0.120 c

Red blood cell count (× 1012/L), median (Q1, Q3)

5.2 (4.0, 5.8)

5.1 (4.0, 5.5)

0.336

0.870 c

Hemoglobin (g/L), median (Q1, Q3)

120 (112, 140)

118 (112, 142)

0.205

0.770 c

Platelet count (× 109/L), median (Q1, Q3)

170 (135, 222)

160 (134, 199)

1.995

0.354 c

Serum creatinine (μmol/L), median (Q1, Q3)

80.7 (75.0, 119.4)

96.7 (80.0, 120.0)

1.800

0.341 c

Serum total bilirubin (umol/L), median (Q1, Q3)

48.8 (27.5, 74.5)

76.9 (65.0, 98.8)

4.780

0.002 c

Serum albumin (g/L), median (Q1, Q3)

37.4 (35.5, 42.0)

38.1 (35.0, 42.2)

0.259

0.805 c

Serum globulin (g/L), median (Q1, Q3)

24.0 (22.2, 28.0)

24.3 (22.3, 28.5)

0.411

0.693 c

D-Dimmer (ug/L), median (Q1, Q3)

183 (45,355)

194 (58,349)

0.570

0.580 c

Ejection fraction (%), median (Q1, Q3)

61 (54, 66)

60 (53, 66)

0.300

0.799 c

Intraoperative data

Catogeries of surgery, n (%)

  

3.064

0.559 b

Isolated AAD surgery

97 (66.4)

47 (60.3)

  

Combined valve surgery

30 (20.5)

15 (19.2)

  

Combined coronary artery bypass grafting

9 (6.2)

6 (7.7)

  

Combined valve and coronary surgery

8 (5.5)

7 (9.0)

  

Combined other types of cardiac surgery

2 (1.4)

3 (3.8)

  

Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time, min, median (Q1; Q3)

16.5 (13.5, 20.5)

17.5 (14.5, 22.5)

1.032

0.505 c

Cardiopulmonary bypass time, min, median (Q1; Q3)

145 (100, 186)

155 (115, 190)

0.575

0.668c

Aortic cross clamp time, min, median (Q1; Q3)

59.4 (48.5, 70.0)

62.3 (52.8, 72.6)

1.008

0.588c

Lowest rectal temperature (°C), mean ± SD

23.30 ± 2.45

23.55 ± 2.60

0.712

0.477a

Transfusion of red blood cells (units), mean ± SD

4.50 ± 3.50

4.85 ± 3.80

0.692

0.490 a

Transfusion of platelet (units), mean ± SD

8.88 ± 3.50

9.40 ± 3.50

1.059

0.291 a

  1. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to assess data distributions. Results are expressed as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation (SD), median (Q1; Q3)
  2. POD postoperative delirium, BMI body mass index, Q1 first quartile, Q3 third quartile, FT3 free triiodothyronine, FT4 free thyroxine, TSH thyroid stimulating hormone, IL-2 interleukin-2, PCT procalcitonin, AAD acute aortic dissection
  3. aStudent’s t test
  4. bchi-squared or Fisher’s exact test. c Wilcoxon rank-sum test
  5. Bold mean statistical significances were determined due to a two-tailed P value < 0.05
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BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2261

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