Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Age(yrs)

72.90 ± 7.06

76.31 ± 7.17

77.05 ± 9.32

0.001

Sex, male(n.%)

41 (47.67)

55 (50.46)

77 (51.68)

0.839

BMI

23.86 ± 2.84

23.05 ± 2.93

23.96 ± 3.75

0.085

NYHA ≥ III(n.%)

68 (79.07)

91 (83.49)

122 (81.88)

0.729

STS score

4.15 ± 1.79

4.50 ± 1.59

5.14 ± 2.15

< 0.001

Hypertension(n.%)

32 (37.21)

57 (52.29)

111 (74.50)

< 0.001

Diabetes mellitus (n.%)

18 (20.93)

18 (16.51)

43 (28.86)

0.058

Creatine(mg/dL)

92.52 ± 91.05

96.22 ± 49.26

119.17 ± 121.68

0.068

Peripheral vascular disease(n.%)

6 (6.98)

16 (14.68)

25 (16.78)

0.101

Prior cerebrovascular(n.%) accident

6 (6.98)

8 (7.34)

11 (7.38)

0.914

Chronic lung disease(n.%)

45 (52.33)

62 (56.88)

79 (53.02)

0.772

Cardiac history(n.%)

  PCI

6 (6.98)

8 (7.34)

20 (13.42)

0.157

  CABG

1 (1.16)

1 (0.92)

5 (3.36)

0.383

  AF/Af

21 (24.42)

22 (20.18)

27 (18.12)

0.526

  Pre-existing pacemaker

2 (2.33)

4 (3.67)

3 (2.01)

0.696

Echocardiographic findings

  Mean gradient(mmHg)

49.06 ± 20.81

45.37 ± 17.15

44.39 ± 15.42

0.152

  Aortic valve area(mm²)

0.62 ± 0.12

0.74 ± 0.43

0.69 ± 0.15

0.073

  LVEF(%)

56.26 ± 15.51

55.83 ± 12.98

55.44 ± 15.71

0.920

  Maximum aortic valve Velocity(m/s)

4.90 ± 0.81

4.77 ± 0.72

4.65 ± 0.76

0.528

  Moderate-to-severe aortic regurgitation (n.%)

4 (4.65)

4 (3.67)

14 (9.40)

0.161

  Moderate-to-se vere mitral regurgitation

2 (2.33)

2 (1.83)

9( 6.04)

0.207

Pre-CT data

  Annulus

  Area(mm²)

467 (419–548)

496(431–567)

441(377–490)

0.475

  Perimeter(mm)

80.30 ± 7.01

81.98 ± 8.35

80.61 ± 7.67

0.336

  RCA height(mm)

15.88 ± 3.61

14.97 ± 3.73

14.84 ± 3.07

0.584

  LM height(mm)

17.35 ± 3.59

15.44 ± 3.20

15.92 ± 3.46

0.115

  Total leaflet CV(mm³)

511 (287.73-885.53)

622.50 (359.70-915.80)

417 (217–714.00)

< 0.001

  Total LVOT CV(mm³)

0 (0-34.28)

0 (0-33.05)

0 (0-28.93)

0.547

  Excess leaflet calcification(n,%)

45 (52.33)

68 (62.39)

57 (38.26)

  Moderate to severe LVOT calcification(n,%)

27 (31.40)

30 (27.52)

41 (27.52)

0.878