Table 1 Main characteristics according to tertiles of fibroblast growth factor 21
Parameter | Low FGF21  ≤ 28.5 pg/mL | Medium FGF21  = 28.6–65.8 pg/mL | High FGF21  > 65.8 pg/mL | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | 108 | 106 | 107 | Â |
Sex (male/female) | 82/26 | 84/22 | 75/32 | 0.294 |
Age (years) | 66.5 ± 12.0 | 68.0 ± 11.8 | 72.5 ± 11.6 | 0.001 |
Hypertension (n, %) | 76(70.4) | 78(73.6) | 80(74.8) | 0.754 |
Hyperlipidemia (n, %) | 71(65.7) | 75(70.8) | 56(52.3) | 0.016 |
Diabetes mellitus (n, %) | 37(34.3) | 50(47.2) | 51(47.7) | 0.079 |
Left ventricular hypertrophy (n, %) | 50(46.3) | 52(49.1) | 72(67.3) | 0.032 |
MACEs (n, %) | 45(41.7) | 59(55.7) | 49(45.8) | 0.109 |
All-cause Mortality (n, %) | 8(7.4) | 14(13.2) | 21(19.6) | 0.031 |
Current smoker (n, %) | 46(42.6) | 50(47.2) | 33(30.8) | 0.043 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.7 ± 3.9 | 26.1 ± 3.6 | 24.7 ± 4.5 | 0.044 |
Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.93 ± 0.07 | 0.94 ± 0.06 | 0.97 ± 0.12 | 0.010 |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 130 ± 22 | 131 ± 22 | 130 ± 26 | 0.926 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 76 ± 14 | 77 ± 12 | 77 ± 15 | 0.992 |
LVEF (%) | 60.8 ± 15.1 | 58.8 ± 15.5 | 55.5 ± 16.0 | 0.045 |
Electrocardiography parameters | ||||
 Heart rate (bpm) | 74.0 ± 17.6 | 77.6 ± 20.0 | 83.1 ± 20.8 | 0.003 |
 PR interval (ms) | 167.5 ± 30.4 | 169.4 ± 26.5 | 172.7 ± 39.7 | 0.540 |
 QRS duration (ms) | 93.7 ± 15.8 | 98.4 ± 22.1 | 103.1 ± 22.2 | 0.004 |
 QT interval (ms) | 394.7 ± 46.0 | 399.3 ± 44.9 | 401.1 ± 57.9 | 0.626 |
 QTc interval (ms) | 434.2 ± 35.6 | 444.5 ± 35.6 | 461.9 ± 45.3 |  < 0.0001 |
Wide QRS complex†(n, %) | 8(7.4) | 12(11.3) | 33(30.8) |  < 0.0001 |
Prolonged QTc interval‡ (n, %) | 30(27.8) | 32(30.2) | 51(47.7) | 0.004 |
Medication (n, %) | ||||
 Anti-arrhythmic medication | 10(9.3) | 8(7.6) | 10(9.4) | 0.871 |
 Beta-blockers | 58(53.7) | 57(53.8) | 49(45.8) | 0.406 |
 Diuretics | 31(28.7) | 33(31.1) | 31(29.0) | 0.913 |
 Statins | 66(61.1) | 59(55.7) | 45(42.1) | 0.016 |
Number of diseased vessels (%) | ||||
 Single-vessel disease | 35(32.4) | 33(31.1) | 28(26.2) | 0.574 |
 Two-vessel disease | 24(22.2) | 36(34.0) | 39(36.5) | 0.054 |
 Three-vessel disease | 49(45.4) | 37(34.9) | 40(37.4) | 0.260 |