The association of hyponatremia and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a cross-sectional study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of categorical data

	Hyponatremia during the first seven days of admission
	Total		Absent		Present		P-value
	Number	Percentage (%)	Number	Percentage (%)	Number	Percentage (%)	P-value
N	234		92	39.30	142	60.70
Females	104	44.40	44	47.80	60	42.30	0.422
Current smoker	56	23.9	16	17.40	40	28.20	0.062
Hypertension	189	80.8	73	79.30	116	81.70	0.735
Diabetes mellitus	104	44.4	41	44.60	63	44.40	1
Stroke	22	9.4	9	9.80	13	9.20	1
Transient ischemic attack	2	0.9	1	1.10	1	0.70	1
PVD	22	9.4	10	10.90	12	8.50	0.647
Cancer	54	23.1	17	18.50	37	26.10	0.206
Previous MI	53	22.6	24	26.10	29	20.40	0.34
History of HF	46	19.7	14	15.20	32	22.50	0.182
Previous PCI	68	29.1	27	29.30	41	28.90	1
Previous CABG	31	13.2	8	8.70	23	16.20	0.116
History of CKD	48	20.5	17	18.50	31	21.80	0.62
Taking ACEi/ARB/ARNi	81	34.6	33	35.90	48	33.80	0.779
Outpatient diuretic use	70	29.9	29	31.50	41	28.90	0.664
In-patient diuretic use	125	53.4	44	47.8	81	57	0.182
Diagnosis of NSTEMI type I	176	75.2	73	79.30	103	72.50	0.279
Diagnosis of STEMI	58	24.8	19	20.70	39	27.50	0.279
ICU admission	149	63.7	50	54.30	99	69.70	0.019
Cardiac catheterization	173	73.9	65	70.70	108	76.10	0.365
Stents placed	100	42.7	36	39.10	64	45.10	0.418
CABG done	15	6.4	4	4.30	11	7.70	0.415
EF < 50%	94	40.2	24	28.90	70	50.70	0.002
New heart failure diagnosis	49	20.9	14	17.9	35	31.5	0.043
30-day Mortality	20	8.5	2	2.20	18	12.70	0.004
In-hospital mortality	15	6.4	1	1.10	14	9.90	0.006

N = number, PVD = peripheral vascular disease, MI = Myocardial infarction, HF = heart failure, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG = coronary artery bypass graft, CKD = chronic kidney disease, ACEi = acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, ARB = aldosterone receptor blocker, ARNi = angiotensin-neprylisin inhibitor, EF = ejection fraction, ICU = intensive care unit

ISSN: 1471-2261