Short-term/long-term prognosis with or without beta-blockers in patients without heart failure and with preserved ejection fraction after acute myocardial infarction: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Table 2 Association of beta-blockers with outcomes in the short-term

Variables	With beta-blockers	Without beta-blockers	Crude HR	P value	Adjusted HR^a	P value
	N = 2049	N = 470	Crude HR		Adjusted HR^a
	No. of patients with event (n, %)	No. of patients with event (n, %)	(95% CI)		(95% CI)
One year after discharge (n = 2482)
All-cause mortality	27/2018 (1.3%)	9/464 (1.9%)	0.69 (0.32–1.46)	0.330	1.02 (0.43–2.40)	0.966
Rehospitalization for any reason	299/1977 (15.1%)	88/459 (19.2%)	0.76 (0.60–0.97)	0.026	0.83 (0.60–1.15)	0.258
Cardiac death	15/2018 (0.7%)	5/464 (1.1%)	0.69 (0.25–1.89)	0.469	1.25 (0.37–4.25)	0.719
Rehospitalization for MI	22/2011 (1.1%)	13/464 (2.8%)	0.39 (0.20–0.77)	0.007	0.44 (0.20–0.97)	0.043
Rehospitalization for HF	34/2015 (1.7%)	9/464 (1.9%)	0.87 (0.42–1.82)	0.712	2.14 (0.98–4.69)	0.057
MACE	61/2009 (3.0%)	25/464 (5.4%)	0.56 (0.35–0.89)	0.014	0.80 (0.45–1.41)	0.434

This study analyzed the relationship between beta-blockers and short-term outcomes, using univariate COX regression and propensity score IPTW
MI, myocardial infarction; HF, heart failure; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events; HR, hazard ratio; NA, not applicable; ref, reference
^aCorrection was performed using propensity score inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW), included variables were sex, age, time of onset, LVEF, type of myocardial infarction, admission heart rate, admission systolic blood pressure, admission diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), site of myocardial infarction, Killip ≥ II, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, history of chronic kidney disease, history of coronary artery disease (CAD), family history of CAD, history of stroke, history of peripheral vascular disease, history of hyperlipidemia, history of smoking, history of tumor, atrial fibrillation, coronary angiography, PTCA therapy, PCI therapy, thrombolytic therapy, type of PCI, timely reperfusion therapy, total reperfusion therapy, CKMB, TnI, HbA1c, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, eGFR, LDL-c, cardiac aneurysm, anticoagulants, aspirin, clopidogrel/ticagrelor, dual antiplatelet therapy, statins, ACEI/ARB/ARNI

ISSN: 1471-2261