National trend in heart failure hospitalization and outcome under public health insurance system in Thailand 2008–2013

Table 2 Heart failure hospitalization rate per 100,000 beneficiaries in Thailand between 2008 and 2013^a

Parameter	Year						P-value for trend ^b
Parameter	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	P-value for trend ^b
Beneficiaries, n of persons	44,448,763	44,954,097	45,539,165	46,352,534	47,184,394	47,643,858	–
HF hospitalization, n	61,472	67,833	67,545	78,368	78,849	80,096	< 0.001
HF hospitalization rate, per 100,000 beneficiaries	138	151	148	169	167	168	< 0.001
Unique HF patients, n	43,236	46,967	47,495	54,075	54,745	55,762	–
HF hospitalization rate of unique HF patients, per 100,000 beneficiaries	97	104	104	117	116	117	< 0.001
HF hospitalization rate per 100,000 beneficiaries stratified by specified groups
By insurance scheme
UCS	184	198	195	223	219	223	< 0.001
CSMBS	57	70	68	73	68	61	0.101
SSS	24	26	28	34	38	37	< 0.001
By age group, years
20–39	18	20	19	22	23	22	< 0.001
40–59	101	107	102	114	114	113	< 0.001
60–79	506	537	514	575	545	537	< 0.001
≥ 80	833	890	873	1009	962	985	< 0.001
By gender
Male	118	128	128	147	148	147	< 0.001
Female	157	172	168	190	185	188	< 0.001
Age and gender-adjusted HF hospitalization rate, per 100,000 beneficiaries (95% CI) ^c	138 (138–138)	147 (146–149)	142 (140–143)	159 (157–161)	154 (152–156)	153 (151–154)	< 0.001
Incidence rate ratio (95% CI) ^c	Ref	1.07 (1.05–1.08)	1.02 (1.01–1.03)	1.15 (1.14–1.16)	1.11 (1.10–1.13)	1.1 (1.09–1.12)	< 0.001

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CSMBS, Civil Servant Medical Benefit scheme; HF, heart failure; ref., reference category; SSS, Social Security scheme; UCS, Universal Health Coverage scheme
^aOnly beneficiaries aged ≥ 20 years were analyzed
^bLinear trend across years by Poisson regression
^cAge and gender-adjusted incidence rate ratio compared to 2008 were calculated by Poisson regression for each year from 2009 to 2013

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