Fig. 1
Analysis of DNA damage induced by glyoxal (GX) in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) A HAECs were treated with a range of concentrations (50, 100, 150, and 200 µM) of GX for 8 days, and their survival was determined (\({\overline{\text{x}}}\) ± s, %). Drug lethal dose (LD90) values were confirmed from survival curves and are indicated by an arrow. B Double strand break (DSB) induction (uncropped blots/gels are presented in Additional file 1: Fig. S1). DSBs were detected using static-field gel electrophoresis after treatment with the fraction of DNA released relative to the total DNA. C DNA–protein crosslinks (DPC) induction. DPCs were quantified by the FITC-labelling method. Non-significant differences in the results obtained are denoted by n.s. (p > 0.05)