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Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics

From: Value of addition of coronary artery calcium to risk scores in the prediction of major cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes

Variable

All

(n = 735)

Men

n = 354 (48.2%)

Women

n = 381 (51.8%)

P value

Age (years)

63.4 ± 5.3

63.0 ± 5.2

63.8 ± 5.4

0.033

Diabetes, years since diagnosis

10.1 ± 7.6

10.2 ± 7.5

10.1 ± 7.7

0.794

Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m2)

29.4 ± 5.2

28.8 ± 4.2

30.0 ± 5.9

0.024

Insulin treatment

174 (23.7%)

70 (19.8%)

104 (27.3%)

0.017

Current smoking

105 (14.3%)

64 (18.1%)

41 (10.8%)

0.005

Hypertension

505 (68.7%)

232 (65.5%)

273 (71.7%)

0.074

Family history of CAD

182 (24.8%)

76 (21.5%)

106 (27.8%)

0.046

Prior CVA/TIA

48 (6.5%)

25 (7.1%)

23 (6.0%)

0.574

Retinopathy

124 (16.9%)

56 (15.8%)

68 (17.8%)

0.463

Neuropathy

216 (29.4%)

111 (31.4%)

105 (27.6%)

0.259

Nephropathy

108 (14.7%)

63 (17.8%)

45 (11.8%)

0.022

HbA1c (%)

7.47 ± 1.53

7.45 ± 1.54

7.50 ± 1.53

0.626

Hemoglobin (gm/dl)

13.5 ± 1.3

14.2 ± 1.2

12.8 ± 1.2

 < 0.001

Creatinine

0.83 ± 0.18

0.93 ± 0.15

0.74 ± 0.14

 < 0.001

Creatinine Clearance (per 1.73 sqM)

88.7 ± 20.1

86.4 ± 18.1

90.8 ± 21.6

0.012

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

180.1 ± 36.1

174.8 ± 35.1

185.1 ± 36.3

 < 0.001

HDL-C (mg/dl)

48.1 ± 12.0

43.5 ± 9.6

52.2 ± 12.5

 < 0.001

Triglycerides (mg/dl)

172.4 ± 120.2

173.7 ± 135.5

171.1 ± 104.1

0.295

LDL-C (mg%)

98.6 ± 29.2

98.0 ± 28.4

99.1 ± 29.9

0.594

Aspirin

482 (65.6%)

249 (70.3%)

233 (61.2%)

0.009

Statins

519 (70.6%)

243 (68.6%)

276 (72.4%)

0.259

Risk assessment tools

CACS, Agatston units

59 (1, 327)

164 (18, 501)

25 (0, 200)

 < 0.001

0

174 (23.7%)

55 (15.5%)

119 (31.2%)

 < 0.001

1–100

229 (31.2%)

99 (28%)

130 (34.1%)

101–300

131 (17.8%)

65 (18.4%)

66 (17.3%)

 > 300

201 (27.3%)

135 (38.1%)

66 (17.3%)

CACS Percentiles (MESA—age/gender /ethnicity adjusted)

70 (28, 86)

65.5 (41, 85)

72 (0, 88)

0.960

PCE 10-year Risk Score (%)

20.8 (12.4, 32.1)

27.1 (19.2, 37.1)

14.8 (8.7, 23.5)

 < 0.001

PCE 10-year Risk Score > 20%

381 (51.8%)

259 (73.2%)

122 (32%)

 < 0.001

MESA(without CACS) 10-year risk score (%)

12.2 (8.3, 18.1)

17.6 (12.7, 23.1)

8.8 (6.4, 11.8)

 < 0.001

MESA(with CACS) 10-year risk score (%)

12.5 (5.2, 21.5)

19.1 (9.8, 26.7)

7.8 (3.7, 14.4)

 < 0.001

  1. CACS = coronary arteries calcium score; CAD = coronary artery disease; CVA = cerebrovascular accident; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MESA = multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis; PCE = pooled cohort equations; TIA = transient ischemic attack
  2. Data presented as mean ± SD, median (IQR) or number (percent)
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BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2261

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