Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of study population
Characteristics | Total (n = 989) | HHcy−Smoker− (n = 153) | HHcy+Smoker− (n = 160) | HHcy−Smoker+(n = 289) | HHcy+Smoker+(n = 387) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 33 (30–34) | 33 (30–34) | 32 (29–34) | 33 (31–34) | 32 (30–34) |
Male, n (%) | 951 (96.16) | 128 (83.66) | 151 (94.38)a | 288 (99.65)ab | 384 (99.22)ab |
SBP (mmHg) | 126.44 ± 15.61 | 126.87 ± 14.97 | 127.44 ± 14.94 | 127.36 ± 16.71 | 125.18 ± 15.25 |
DBP (mmHg) | 78.01 ± 13.19 | 78.21 ± 14.18 | 78.43 ± 14.13 | 78.25 ± 13.71 | 77.57 ± 11.97 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 75.94 ± 11.71 | 75.34 ± 10.17 | 77.25 ± 11.36 | 76.21 ± 12.14 | 75.43 ± 12.07 |
Drinker, n (%) | 182 (18.40) | 14 (9.15) | 9 (5.63) | 80 (27.68)ab | 79 (20.41)ab |
Medical history and coronary risk factors | |||||
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.34 ± 5.01 | 27.68 ± 6.15 | 28.09 ± 4.57 | 28.72 ± 5.08 | 28.44 ± 4.57 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 485 (49.04) | 74 (48.37) | 77 (48.13) | 149 (51.56) | 185 (47.80) |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 191 (19.31) | 36 (23.53) | 25 (15.63) | 82 (28.37)b | 48 (12.40)ac |
Hypertriglyceridemia, n (%) | 559 (56.52) | 65 (42.48) | 82 (51.25) | 178 (61.59)a | 234 (60.47)a |
Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 336 (33.97) | 51 (33.33) | 45 (28.13) | 114 (39.45) | 126 (32.56) |
High LDL-C, n (%) | 307 (31.04) | 37 (24.18) | 42 (26.25) | 104 (35.99) | 124 (32.04) |
Low HDL-C, n (%) | 677 (68.45) | 96 (62.75) | 106 (66.25) | 200 (69.20) | 275 (71.06) |
Family history of CAD, n (%) | 127 (12.84) | 13 (8.50) | 8 (5.00) | 42 (14.53)b | 64 (16.54)b |
Hyperuricemia, n (%) | 437 (44.19) | 61 (39.87) | 71 (44.38) | 119 (41.18) | 186 (48.06) |
Prior stroke, n (%) | 5 (0.51) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 3 (1.00) | 2 (0.50) |
Laboratory results | |||||
BUN (mmol/L) | 4.73 ± 1.31 | 4.67 ± 1.46 | 4.77 ± 1.31 | 4.66 ± 1.17 | 4.79 ± 1.31 |
CR (µmol/L) | 74.78 ± 15.12 | 72.21 ± 14.81 | 77.64 ± 19.96a | 72.58 ± 12.39b | 76.24 ± 14.39ac |
HbA1c (%) | 5.6 (5.3–6.2) | 5.6 (5.2–6.7) | 5.5 (5.2–6.1) | 5.7 (5.4–6.8)b | 5.5 (5.2–5.9)c |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.88 (1.30–2.85) | 1.47 (1.01–2.25) | 1.75 (1.15–2.32) | 2.05 (1.39–3.36)ab | 2.02 (1.43–2.93)ab |
TC (mmol/L) | 4.74 ± 1.73 | 4.64 ± 2.10 | 4.66 ± 2.01 | 4.92 ± 1.67 | 4.69 ± 1.46 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 0.92 ± 0.25 | 0.95 ± 0.23 | 0.93 ± 0.21 | 0.92 ± 0.35 | 0.90 ± 0.19 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.03 ± 1.56 | 2.95 ± 1.97 | 3.01 ± 1.91 | 3.13 ± 1.49 | 2.99 ± 1.23 |
UA (µmol/L) | 411.23 ± 97.88 | 390.73 ± 101.55 | 417.69 ± 107.07a | 405.44 ± 83.03 | 420.99 ± 101.54a |
Hcy (µmol/L) | 15.60 (11.30–26.60) | 10.30 (8.70–12.20) | 22.95 (16.53–33.38)a | 11.00 (9.00–13.10)ab | 25.80 (17.80–39.40)abc |
hs-CRP (mg/L) | 2.70 (0.97–8.93) | 1.37 (0.54–4.85) | 2.55 (0.97–6.10)a | 3.11 (1.27–11.29)ab | 3.12 (0.95–12.91)ab |