Prevalence and trends of coronary artery disease risk factors and their effect on age of diagnosis in patients with established coronary artery disease: Tehran Heart Center (2005–2015)

Table 2 Unadjusted and adjusted annual change in demographic and cardiovascular risk factors in patients enrolled in Tehran Heart Center Databank from 2005 to 2015

	Unadjusted annual change (95% CI)^a	P-value	Adjusted annual change (95% CI)^b	P-value
Age at diagnosis (n = 90,094, years)	0.12 (0.10, 0.15)	< 0.001	0.12 (0.10, 0.14)	< 0.001
Sex (n = 90,094, % male)	− 0.11 (− 0.21, − 0.01)	0.03	− 0.04 (− 0.14, 0.06)	0.43
Body mass index (n = 65,320, kg/m²)	0.08 (0.07, 0.10)	< 0.001	0.09 (0.08, 0.10)	< 0.001
Total Cholesterol (n = 81,363, mg/dL)	− 3.27 (− 3.38, − 3.17)	< 0.001	− 3.23 (− 3.33, − 3.13)	< 0.001
LDL Cholesterol (n = 79,458, mg/dL)	− 1.48 (− 1.56, − 1.39)	< 0.001	− 1.45 (− 1.54, − 1.37)	< 0.001
HDL Cholesterol (n = 80,899, mg/dL)	− 0.41 (− 0.44, − 0.39)	< 0.001	− 0.42 (− 0.44, − 0.40)	< 0.001
Triglycerides (n = 81,390, mg/dL)	− 4.51 (− 4.73, − 4.29)	< 0.001	− 4.35 (− 4.57, − 4.14)	< 0.001
Dyslipidemia (n = 89,899, % yes)	− 0.20 (− 0.31, − 0.10)	< 0.001	− 0.17 (− 0.27, − 0.07)	0.001
Fasting blood sugar (n = 79,822, mg/dL)	− 0.03 (− 0.15, 0.09)	0.65	− 0.02 (− 0.14, 0.10)	0.77
Diabetes mellitus (n = 89,977, % yes)	0.62 (0.51, 0.72)	< 0.001	0.58 (0.48, 0.68)	< 0.001
Hypertension (n = 90,001, % yes)	1.16 (1.06, 1.27)	< 0.001	1.05 (0.95, 1.15)	< 0.001
Ever cigarette smoking (n = 89,955, % yes)	− 0.29 (− 0.39, − 0.19)	< 0.001	− 0.16 (− 0.25, − 0.07)	0.001
Ever opium use (n = 87,348, % yes)	0.15 (0.08, 0.23)	< 0.001	0.23 (0.15, 0.30)	< 0.001

^aAll changes are annual. Changes for categorical variables (sex, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, ever cigarette smoking, and ever opium use) are percentages per year. Changes for continuous variables (age; body mass index; total, LDL, HDL cholesterol; triglycerides; fasting blood sugar) are using the unit shown in the first column
^bAdjusted for age and sex

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