Adhesion pathway proteins and risk of atrial fibrillation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Mendez, Israel J.; Manemann, Sheila M.; Bell, Elizabeth J.; Larson, Nicholas B.; Decker, Paul A.; Guerrero, Marco A.; Hanson, Naomi Q.; Heckbert, Susan R.; Pankow, James S.; Tsai, Michael Y.; Bielinski, Suzette J.

doi:10.1186/s12872-021-02241-w

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

Table 2 Unadjusted mean ± SD; median of protein levels by ethnicity/race at Exams 1 (2000–2002) and 2 (2002–2004), Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

From: Adhesion pathway proteins and risk of atrial fibrillation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Exam 1 protein	Pooled Sample (n = 6669)		African-American (n = 1841)		Chinese-American (n = 793)		Hispanic-American (n = 1469)		Non-Hispanic White American (n = 2566)		P value
	n	mean ± sd; median	n	mean ± sd; median	n	mean ± sd; median	n	mean ± sd; median	n	mean ± sd; median
HGF, pg/mL	6669	937 ± 258; 903	1841	933 ± 249; 895	793	839 ± 216; 811	1469	1035 ± 268; 994	2566	915 ± 254; 884	< 0.001

Exam 2 proteins		(n = 2504)		(n = 607)		(n = 631)		(n = 624)		(n = 642)	P value
MMP-1, ng/mL	2349	5.4 ± 3.7; 4.4	559	5.7 ± 4.1; 4.6	593	5.4 ± 3.5; 4.5	591	5.2 ± 3.7; 4.2	606	5.3 ± 3.5; 4.4	0.23
MMP-2, ng/mL	2366	195 ± 31; 193	565	200 ± 33; 196	593	189 ± 28; 186	597	197 ± 31; 195	611	196 ± 30; 194	< 0.001
TIMP-2, ng/mL	2361	81 ± 12; 79	565	82 ± 13; 81	593	77 ± 11; 76	595	82 ± 11; 81	608	83 ± 12; 81	< 0.001
ICAM-1, ng/mL	2343	253 ± 87; 234	560	248 ± 86; 228	593	227 ± 75; 214	588	283 ± 98; 260	602	252 ± 78; 239	< 0.001
VCAM-1, ng/mL	2355	728 ± 203; 696	565	657 ± 193; 627	590	734 ± 203; 700	593	743 ± 199; 703	607	775 ± 200; 748	< 0.001
L-selectin, ng/mL	2366	889 ± 193; 874	569	868 ± 193; 854	592	830 ± 165; 820	597	901 ± 189; 891	608	953 ± 202; 940	< 0.001
RANTES, pg/mL	2473	4057 ± 3250; 3092	596	3987 ± 3611; 2844	629	4337 ± 3061; 3565	615	3971 ± 3273; 2933	633	3927 ± 3036; 3021	< 0.001
E-cadherin, ng/mL	2352	222 ± 58; 212	565	207 ± 53; 197	590	225 ± 57; 217	589	241 ± 60; 231	608	214 ± 54; 205	< 0.001
SLPI, pg/mL	2360	46,175 ± 10,505; 44,616	566	47,333 ± 11,654; 45,414	591	44,895 ± 10,153; 43,202	593	47,124 ± 9984; 45,897	610	45,420 ± 10,021; 44,518	< 0.001
IL-2 sR, pg/mL	2354	711 ± 301; 643	566	637 ± 258; 584	592	590 ± 227; 552	590	772 ± 289; 722	606	838 ± 344; 747	< 0.001
CCL-21, pg/mL	2361	803 ± 259; 759	566	797 ± 264; 750	592	772 ± 250; 739	595	807 ± 257; 775	608	833 ± 261; 788	< 0.001
SDF-1α, pg/mL	2497	1940 ± 441; 1908	605	1933 ± 462; 1889	629	1994 ± 429; 1962	622	1933 ± 436; 1895	641	1900 ± 433; 1873	0.001
P-selectin, ng/mL	2501	29 ± 10; 28	607	28 ± 10; 27	631	28 ± 9; 27	623	32 ± 10; 31	640	29 ± 11; 27	< 0.001
TGF-β1, pg/mL	2482	3880 ± 2084; 3434	600	3777 ± 2191; 3268	629	4361 ± 2164; 4011	618	3762 ± 2015; 3302	635	3616 ± 1882; 3184	< 0.001

CCL-21 Chemokine ligand 21, HGF hepatocyte growth factor, ICAM-1 intercellular adhesion molecule 1, IL-2 sR interleukin 2 soluble receptor, MMP-1 matrix metalloproteinase 1, MMP-2 matrix metalloproteinase 2, RANTES regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted, SLPI secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, SD standard deviation, SDF-1α stromal-derived factor 1a, TGF-β1 transforming growth factor b1, TIMP-2 tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2, VCAM-1 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1

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