Reduced mechanical function of the left atrial predicts adverse outcome in pregnant women with clustering of metabolic risk factors

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants

Clinical parameters	Control (n = 50)	GDM (n = 57)	PIH (n = 57)	CMR (n = 63)	P value
Age, years	32.06 ± 3.98	32.16 ± 4.14	31.39 ± 3.45	32.24 ± 4.13	0.659
Gestational age at echocardiography, weeks	22.10 ± 1.54	21.63 ± 1.81	22.28 ± 1.89	22.30 ± 2.41	0.228
BSA, m²	1.73 ± 0.11	1.78 ± 0.11	1.79 ± 0.12	1.86 ± 0.15^†,§	< 0.001
Pre-BMI, Kg/m²	22.10 ± 3.02	22.91 ± 3.25	22.06 ± 2.88	26.36 ± 3.60^†,§,‡	< 0.001
Gestational weight gain, Kg	13.58 ± 4.12	12.17 ± 5.03	14.74 ± 5.07	12.36 ± 5.90	0.026
TG, mmol/L	2.85 (2.28, 3.65)	2.87 (2.11, 3.74)	3.23 (2.59, 4.44)	4.61 ± 1.30^†,§,‡	< 0.001
HDL-C, mmol/L	2.03 ± 0.40	1.97 ± 0.41	1.83 ± 0.43	1.58 ± 0.46^†,§,‡	< 0.001
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	118.40 ± 9.11	118.72 ± 7.64	152.74 ± 9.89	151.52 ± 10.64^†,§	< 0.001
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	73.46 ± 7.22	74.19 ± 5.40	93.35 ± 10.09	93.84 ± 8.58^†,§	< 0.001
FPG, mmol/L	4.26 ± 0.46	5.13 ± 0.88	4.25 ± 0.45	5.02 ± 0.83^†,‡	< 0.001
Weeks at delivery, weeks	39.16 ± 1.13	38.63 ± 1.58	37.72 ± 2.90	37.17 ± 1.91^†,§	< 0.001
Iatrogenic preterm delivery, Pts (%)	0/50 (0%)	3/57 (5.26%)	12/57 (21.05%)	27/63 (42.86%)^†,§	< 0.001

Values are the mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or n (%)
BSA, Body Surface Area; pre-BMI, pre-pregnancy body mass index; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol; FPG, fasting plasma glucose. †P < 0.05, CMR group vs Control group. §P < 0.05, CMR group vs GDM group. ‡P < 0.05, CMR group vs PIH group

ISSN: 1471-2261