Table 1 The characteristics of the participants in the four groups

Number

251 (62.8)

21 (5.2)

86 (21.5)

42 (10.5)

Age

67.0 ± 7.3

67.9 ± 7.7

67.9 ± 7.1

65.3 ± 9.1

Sex (male)

113 (45.0)

8 (38.1)

47 (54.7)

18 (42.9)

Waist, cm

85.3 ± 8.6

85.4 ± 8.2

86.2 ± 9.0

87.6 ± 10.4

BMI, kg/cm²

24.5 ± 2.8

25.1 ± 4.1

24.5 ± 3.2

24.7 ± 2.9

Currently smoking

22 (8.8)

2 (9.5)

9 (10.5)

3 (7.1)

Education levels

Primary school or less

51 (20.3)

8 (38.1)

7 (8.1)

7 (16.7)

Junior high school

107 (42.6)

9 (42.9)

40 (46.5)

17 (40.5)

High school or more

93 (37.1)

4 (19.0)

39 (45.3)

18 (42.9)

Obesity

108 (43.0)

8 (38.1)

34 (39.5)

23 (54.8)

Diabetes

51 (20.3)

4 (19.0)

23 (26.7)

10 (23.8)

Combined cardiovascular diseases

55 (21.9)

4 (19.0)

22 (25.6)

8 (19.0)

Duration of hypertension

9.6 ± 8.8

10.1 ± 7.1

11.2 ± 8.7

10.5 ± 8.7

Home BP monitoring

149 (59.4)

16 (76.2)

67 (77.9)

33 (78.6)

Chronic disease archives

202 (80.5)

11 (52.4)

53 (61.6)

36 (85.7)

Medication adherence

207 (82.1)

17 (81.0)

75 (87.2)

41 (97.6)

Side effects of drugs

61 (24.3)

4 (19.0)

11 (12.8)

14 (43.8)

Antihypertensive drugs

1 drug

176 (70.1)

15 (71.4)

51 (59.3)

27 (64.3)

2 drugs

61 (24.3)

6 (28.6)

31 (36.0)

10 (23.8)

 ≥ 3 drugs

14 (5.6)

0 (0)

4 (4.7)

5 (11.9)

Medical insurance reimbursement

152 (60.6)

9 (42.9)

55 (64.0)

27 (64.3)

Creatinine, μmol/L

91.9 ± 15.2

94.9 ± 18.7

96.2 ± 16.9

92.4 ± 14.4

UA, μmmol/L

363.1 ± 94.8

363.7 ± 111.0

395.4 ± 95.2

340.6 ± 91.8

Glucose, mmol/L

5.94 ± 1.56

6.44 ± 2.41

6.39 ± 1.67

5.97 ± 1.25

TG, mmol/L

1.60 ± 0.72

1.70 ± 0.69

1.77 ± 1.01

1.60 ± 0.93

TC, mmol/L

5.20 ± 3.03

5.28 ± 0.87

4.85 ± 1.04

4.96 ± 1.08

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.48 ± 0.33

1.65 ± 0.51

1.41 ± 0.34

1.52 ± 0.33

LDL-C, mmol/L

2.50 ± 0.71

2.66 ± 0.92

2.56 ± 0.72

2.42 ± 0.79