Table 3 Agreement, sensitivity, and specificity for trainee interpretations versus gold standard cardiologist interpretation, by key pathology

Pericardial effusion

(n = 367)

− 0.03

(− 0.04, − 0.02)

0

(0, 36.9)

95.8

(93.2, 97.6)

0

(0.00, 19.9)

97.7

(97.7–97.8)

Left ventricular dysfunction

(n = 353)

0.17

(0.07, 0.28)

52.9

(36.2, 69.7)

77.1

(72.5, 81.7)

19.8

(11.6–28.0)

93.9

(91.0–96.8)

Aortic regurgitation

(n = 343)

0.28

(0.14, 0.41)

29.6

(17.5, 41.8)

93.8

(91.0, 96.6)

47.1

(30.3–63.8)

87.7

(84.0–91.4)

Mitral valve regurgitation:

moderate to severe (n = 354)

0.29

(0.14, 0.44)

57.1

(36.0, 78.3)

89.2

(85.9, 92.5)

25.0

(12.7–37.2)

97.1

(95.2–99.0)

Tricuspid valve regurgitation:

moderate to severe (n = 334)

0.42

(0.25, 0.59)

59.1

(38.6, 79.6)

93.3

(90.5, 96.1)

38.2

(21.9–54.56)

97.0

(95.1–98.9)

Mitral valve stenosis:

moderate to severe (n = 371)

0

(0, 0)

N/A

86.5

(82.6, 89.8)

N/A

N/A