Table 2 Clinical characteristics of the overall population and according to antithrombotic treatment strategy

No. (%)

45 (4.7)

573 (59.6)

208 (21.6)

63 (6.6)

72 (7.5)

961 (100.0)

–-

Inpatient/Outpatient, n (%)

21 (46.7)/ 24 (53.3)

301(52.5)/ 272 (47.5)

70 (33.7)/ 138 (66.3)

46 (73.0)/ 17 (27.0)

43 (59.7)/ 29 (40.3)

481(50.1)/ 480 (49.9)

–-

Type of NVAF, n (%) ^b

 < 0.001

Paroxysmal

21 (46.7)

90 (15.7)

52 (25.0)

26 (41.3)

14 (19.4)

203 (21.1)

Persistent

6 (13.3)

47 (8.2)

19 (9.1)

6 (9.5)

7 (9.7)

85 (8.8)

Permanent

18 (40.0)

436 (76.1)

137 (65.9)

31 (49.2)

51 (70.8)

673 (70.0)

Time since diagnosis, median (IQR), years ^a

2.5 (0.1–7.2)

4.7 (2.3–9.0)

3.0 (1.3–8.0)

5.0 (1.0–8.2)

3.9 (1.4–8.3)

4.2 (1.7–8.6)

 < 0.001

Comorbidities, n (%) ^b

Active neoplasia

11 (24.4)

76 (13.3)

24 (11.5)

12 (19.0)

10 (13.9)

133 (13.8)

0.149

COPD

9 (20.0)

164 (28.6)

53 (25.5)

15 (23.8)

21 (29.2)

262 (27.3)

0.631

Renal disease/CKD

17 (37.8)

180 (31.4)

54 (26.0)

23 (36.5)

24 (33.3)

298 (31.0)

0.336

Cardiovascular history, n (%)

Congestive heart failure

21 (46.7)

323 (56.4)

106 (51.0)

28 (44.4)

44 (61.1)

522 (54.3)

0.147

Ischaemic disease ^d

1 (2.2)

101 (17.6)

28 (13.5)

12 (19.0)

37 (51.4)

179 (18.6)

 < 0.001

Peripheral artery disease

1 (2.2)

43 (7.5)

17 (8.2)

9 (14.3)

18 (25.0)

88 (9.2)

 < 0.001

Stroke/TIA

8 (17.8)

95 (16.6)

47 (22.6)

17 (27.0)

22 (30.6)

189 (19.7)

0.016

Arterial thromboembolism/venous thromboembolic disease, n (%)

2 (4.4)

29 (5.1)

9 (4.3)

2 (3.2)

2 (2.8)

44 (4.6)

0.885

Hypertension, n (%)

35 (77.8)

519 (90.6)

191 (91.8)

54 (85.7)

65 (90.3)

864 (89.9)

0.047

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

10 (22.2)

237 (41.4)

72 (34.6)

31 (49.2)

36 (50.0)

386 (40.2)

0.007

Abnormal hepatic function ^e, n (%)

2 (4.4)

37 (6.5)

14 (6.7)

6 (9.5)

2 (2.8)

61 (6.3)

0.590

Abnormal renal function ^f, n (%)

20 (44.4)

249 (43.5)

82 (39.4)

31 (49.2)

32 (44.4)

414 (43.1)

0.695

Prior bleeding, n (%) ^b

8 (17.8)

71 (12.4)

33 (15.9)

9 (14.3)

10 (13.9)

131 (13.6)

0.678

CHA₂DS₂-VASc score, median (IQR) ^a

4.0 (4.0–5.5) 

5.0 (4.0–6.0)

5.0 (4.0–6.0)

5.0 (4.0–6.0)

5.0 (4.0–6.8)  

5.0 (4.0–6.0)

0.097

Risk categories, n (%) ^c

 < 0.001

0

4 (8.9)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

1 (1.6)

0 (0.0)

5 (0.5)

1

0 (0.0)

6 (1.0)

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

1 (1.4)

8 (0.8)

 ≥ 2

41 (91.1)

567 (99.0)

207 (99.5)

62 (98.4)

71 (98.6)

948 (98.6)

Score ≥ 5, n (%)

19 (46.4)

330 (58.2)

112 (54.6)

39 (62.9)

47 (66.0)

547 (57.6)

HAS-BLED score, median (IQR) ^a

3.0 (2.0–3.0)

3.0 (2.0–4.0)

3.0 (2.0–4.0)

4.0 (3.0–4.0)

4.0 (3.0–5.0)

3.0 (2.0–4.0)

 < 0.001

Risk categories, n (%) ^b

 < 0.001

 < 3

22 (48.9)

228 (39.8)

75 (36.1)

7 (11.1)

5 (6.9)

337 (35.1)

 ≥ 3

23 (51.1)

345 (60.2)

133 (63.9)

56 (88.9)

67 (93.1)

624 (64.9)