Table 1 Characteristics of the 34,965 participants in this study

Age, y [mean (95% CI)]

44.8 (44.7–44.9)

44.8 (44.7–44.8)

0.765

0.886

 20–29 years old, %

17.2

17.7

0.396

 30–39 years old, %

23.8

24.0

0.738

 40–49 years old, %

22.5

22.3

0.777

 50–59 years old, %

18.6

17.9

0.245

 60–69 years old, %

10.5

9.8

0.123

  ≥ 70 years old, %

7.5

8.3

0.310

BMI, kg/m² [mean (95% CI)]

24.1 (24.0–24.2)

23.5 (23.4–23.5)

< 0.001

Overweight, %

34.9

29.4

< 0.001

Obesity, %

14.0

10.8

< 0.001

Smoking, %

58.2

3.6

< 0.001

Hypertension, %

31.5

25.3

< 0.001

Prediabetes, %

16.2

15.4

0.244

Diabetes, %

10.9

8.9

< 0.001

FPG, mmol/L [mean (95% CI)]

5.4 (5.3–5.4)

5.3 (5.2–5.3)

0.073

PG2h, mmol/L [mean (95% CI)]

6.9 (6.8–7.0)

7.0 (6.9–7.1)

0.328

Hypercholesterolemia, %

11.1

10.5

0.244

Rural area, %

47.7

47.6

0.955

Urban area, %

52.3

52.4

0.955

With cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases, %

3.1

2.5

0.121

CVD risk groups

< 0.001

 Without CVD risk factors, %

22.2

60.2

< 0.001

 With one CVD risk factor, %

43.9

25.1

< 0.001

 With two CVD risk factors, %

22.5

10.8

< 0.001

 With three or more CVD risk factors, %

11.3

4.0

< 0.001