Table 2 60-day standardized absolute risk for all-cause death after hypokalemia or borderline hypokalemia according to subsequent potassium measurements in patients treated with combination antihypertensive therapy (n = 8976). Potassium interval K: 3.8–4.0 mmol/L represented the reference range. Adjusted for age, gender, serum sodium, renal insufficiency, malignancy, heart failure, chronic liver disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, atrial flutter/fibrillation, stroke and ischemic heart disease, antihypertensive therapy, corticosteroids, antimicrobials, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, potassium supplement, xanthines, laxatives
Absolute risk %, (95% CI) | 60-d Risk difference %, (95%CI) | p-value | Average risk ratio %, (95%CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P(K) 1.5–2.9 mmol/L | 11.7% (8.3–15.0) | 6.3 (2.9–9.7) | < 0.001 | 2.17 (1.46–2.88) | 0.001 |
P(K) 3.0–3.4 mmol/L | 7.1% (5.8–8.5) | 1.7 (0.1–3.4) | 0.03 | 1.32 (0.99–1.66) | 0.06 |
P(K) 3.5–3.7 mmol/L | 6.4% (5.3–7.5) | 1.0 (− 0.3–2.4) | 0.14 | 1.19 (0.91–1.47) | 0.17 |
P(K) 3.8–4.0 mmol/L | 5.4% (4.5–6.3) | REF. | REF. | ||
P(K) 4.1–4.6 mmol/L | 6.3% (5.4–7.2) | 0.9 (−0.3–2.2) | 0.13 | 1.18 (0.92–1.44) | 0.17 |
P(K) 4.7–5.0 mmol/L | 11.6% (8.7–14.6) | 6.2 (3.2–9.3) | < 0.001 | 2.17 (1.51–2.82) | < 0.001 |
P(K) 5.1–7.1 mmol/L | 12.6% (8.2–16.9) | 7.2 (2.8–11.6) | 0.001 | 2.34 (1.45–3.22) | 0.003 |