Sex differences in the evolution of left ventricle remodeling in rats with severe volume overload

Table 2 Echocardiographic parameters (short-axis view, M-mode images) of male and females animals at the end of the protocol

Parameters	ShM (n = 8)	ARM (n = 11)	ShF (n = 8)	ARF (n = 10)
AR severity, %	NA	66 ± 5	NA	73 ± 4
EDD, mm	9.4 ± 0.2	12.6 ± 0.3*	7.9 ± 0.1	11.1 ± 0.3*§
iEDD, mm/kg	11.8 ± 0.4	16.1 ± 0.6*	16.6 ± 0.7	26.3 ± 1.4*§
ESD, mm	5.4 ± 0.3	8.4 ± 0.4*	4.3 ± 0.1	7.5 ± 0.3*
iESD, mm/kg	6.8 ± 0.4	10.6 ± 0.6*	9.0 ± 0.1	17.6 ± 1.1*§
IVSW, mm	1.6 ± 0.02	1.6 ± 0.03	1.2 ± 0.03	1.5 ± 0.03*
PW, mm	1.9 ± 0.06	2.3 ± 0.06	1.6 ± 0.05	2.1 ± 0.05*
RWT, unitless	0.36 ± 0.011	0.32 ± 0.006*	0.36 ± 0.010	0.33 ± 0.010*
EF, %	70 ± 2	60 ± 3*	79 ± 1	59 ± 2*
E wave, cm/s	89 ± 2	88 ± 4	80 ± 3	81 ± 4
A wave, cm/s	49 ± 3	41 ± 2	39 ± 1	39 ± 3
E wave slope	4278 ± 402 &	4185 ± 355	3954 ± 246	4626 ± 371

NA non applicable, EDD end-diastolic diameter, ESD end-systolic diameter, i indexed for body weight (kg), SW septum wall thickness, PW posterior wall thickness, RWT relative wall thickness, HR heart rate, bpm beats per minute. Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Group comparisons were made using two-way ANOVA followed by Holm-Sidak post-test. *: p < 0.05 vs. respective sham group. §: p < 0.05 between AR groups

ISSN: 1471-2261