Table 5 Bivariable associations between low dose rivaroxaban eligible patients’ characteristics on low or standard dose of rivaroxaban
|  | Low dose eligible that received low dose Rivaroxaban (n = 3916) | Low dose eligible that received standard dose Rivaroxaban (n = 3904) | P value | Before Matching Standardized Difference | After Matching (N = 2703 vs 2703) Standardized Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Â | Â | 0.2 | Â | Â |
 2010–2012 | 7.2% | 6.7% |  | 0.021 | 0.028 |
 2013 | 18.3% | 17.6% |  | 0.017 | 0.0308 |
 2014 | 23.0% | 23.0% |  | 0.002 | 0.016 |
 2015 | 22.9% | 21.8% |  | 0.024 | 0.003 |
 2016–2017 | 28.6% | 30.9% |  | 0.050 | 0.058 |
Region | Â | Â | 0.04 | Â | Â |
 Midwest | 15.2% | 13.0% |  | 0.064 | 0.084 |
 Northeast | 1.2% | 1.1% |  | 0.009 | 0.016 |
 South | 73.0% | 75.0% |  | 0.044 | 0.028 |
 West | 10.5% | 10.9% |  | 0.013 | 0.061 |
Age Category |  |  | < 0.001 |  |  |
 65–69 | 7.5% | 14.5% |  | 0.225 | 0 |
 70 to 74 | 14.0% | 26.0% |  | 0.302 | 0 |
 75 to 79 | 20.1% | 25.8% |  | 0.135 | 0 |
 80 to 84 | 25.5% | 19.7% |  | 0.139 | 0 |
 85 to 89 | 20.5% | 10.1% |  | 0.291 | 0 |
 90 or over | 12.4% | 3.9% |  | 0.311 | 0 |
Sex | Â | Â | 0.0008 | Â | Â |
 Female | 56.0% | 52.3% |  | 0.076 | 0 |
 Male | 44.0% | 47.7% |  |  |  |
Race Category | Â | Â | 0.7 | Â | Â |
 White | 84.5% | 83.4% |  | 0.031 | 0 |
 Black | 10.2% | 10.7% |  | 0.017 | 0 |
 Hispanic | 2.0% | 2.2% |  | 0.011 | 0 |
 Asian | 0.7% | 0.8% |  | 0.015 | 0 |
 Other | 2.7% | 3.0% |  | 0.019 | 0 |
 Smoker | 19.6% | 22.5% | 0.001 | 0.073 | 0.033 |
Weight Category (ICD9/ICD-10 codes for BMI) |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |
 Under Weight | 1.9% | 1.2% |  | 0.053 | 0.025 |
 Healthy or Overweight | 18.4% | 16.1% |  | 0.062 | 0.008 |
 Obese or Severe Obese | 28.9% | 35.4% |  | 0.139 | 0.079 |
 Others | 50.8% | 47.3% |  | 0.070 | 0.062 |
Comorbid Conditions | |||||
 Prior Stroke | 29.1% | 25.1% | < 0.001 | 0.089 | 0.051 |
 Prior major bleeding | 27.6% | 28.0% | 0.6 | 0.011 | 0.026 |
 Diabetes | 55.9% | 57.2% | 0.2 | 0.027 | 0.021 |
 Prior AMI | 10.4% | 6.7% | < 0.001 | 0.132 | 0.119 |
 Liver Disease | 3.2% | 3.5% | 0.4 | 0.019 | 0.017 |
 Heart Failure | 41.2% | 31.6% | < 0.001 | 0.201 | 0.151 |
 Hypertension | 96.8% | 95.3% | < 0.001 | 0.076 | 0.030 |
 Cardiomyopathy | 50.4% | 44.6% | < 0.001 | 0.115 | 0.100 |
 Pulmonary Circulatory Dis | 17.2% | 14.2% | < 0.001 | 0.082 | 0.021 |
 COPD | 38.5% | 37.0% | 0.17 | 0.031 | 0.054 |
 Prior Blood Transfusion | 5.8% | 3.5% | < 0.001 | 0.107 | 0.083 |
 Revascularization | 17.7% | 15.4% | 0.007 | 0.061 | 0.079 |
 Implantable Cardiac Device | 18.3% | 14.8% | < 0.001 | 0.094 | 0.078 |
 Valve Disease | 42.2% | 38.1% | < 0.001 | 0.084 | 0.064 |
Concurrent Drugs (+/− 90 days of initiating DOAC) | |||||
 SSRI/SNRI | 34.0% | 33.3% | 0.5 | 0.014 | 0.034 |
 Strong and moderate p-gp inhibitors | 19.9% | 24.5% | < 0.001 | 0.110 | 0.012 |
 Warfarin | 16.1% | 19.6% | < 0.001 | 0.092 | 0.124 |
 Pgp inducers | 17.9% | 18.0% | 0.9 | 0.003 | 0.018 |
 Strong p-gp and cyp3a4 dual inhibitors | 26.1% | 35.1% | < 0.001 | 0.194 | 0.009 |
 P-gp and cyp3a4 inducers | 17.9% | 18.1% | 0.9 | 0.003 | 0.017 |
 Ace inhibitors | 70.6% | 69.6% | 0.34 | 0.022 | 0.025 |
 Angiotensin receptor blockers | 43.9% | 43.8% | 0.86 | 0.004 | 0.004 |
 Beta blockers | 89.7% | 89.0% | 0.32 | 0.023 | 0.019 |
 Calcium channel blockers | 67.6% | 64.4% | =0.003 | 0.067 | 0.026 |
 Digoxin | 23.0% | 23.3% | 0.7 | 0.008 | 0.003 |
 Proton pump inhibitors | 59.6% | 59.2% | 0.7 | 0.008 | 0.026 |
 NSAIDS | 52.6% | 53.3% | 0.5 | 0.015 | 0.022 |
 Antiplatelets | 31.8% | 28.4% | 0.001 | 0.074 | 0.067 |
 Insulin | 18.0% | 17.1% | 0.27 | 0.025 | 0.087 |
 Statins | 81.8% | 81.6% | 0.79 | 0.006 | 0.024 |
Renal Disease | |||||
 None or mild | 3.6% | 17.1% | < 0.0001 | 0.452 | 0.058 |
 Moderate (GFR 30–60 ml/min/1.73 m2) | 83.3% | 77.4% |  | 0.149 | 0.039 |
 Severe (GFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2) | 13.1% | 5.5% |  | 0.262 | 0.002 |