Fig. 3

ApoM-S1P inhibits TNF-α induced adhesion and pyroptosis through binding to S1PR2. Notes: To explore the downstream mechanism of ApoM-S1P on attenuation of pyroptosis and inflammatory response of HUVECs, S1PR2 antagonist was added in TNF-α stimulated HUVECs before cells were subjected to ApoM-S1P treatment. Fluorescence microscope was used to count the number of adhesion of THP-1 monocytes (200 ×) (a); The mRNA and protein levels of E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1in HUVECs were detected by qRT-PCR (b) and Western blot (c); ELISA was utilized to test the contents of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and IL-10 (d); DCF-DA kit for inspection of ROS level (e); Data are displayed as mean ± SD, ^**P < 0.01 ^***P < 0.001 compared to the TNF-α + ApoM + S1P + JTE-013 group; HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; SD, standard deviation