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Table 1 Comparison of the patients’ baseline characteristics according to sex

From: Incidence of cardiovascular disease and its associated risk factors in at-risk men and women in the United Arab Emirates: a 9-year retrospective cohort study

Characteristic

Total (n = 977)

Men (n = 485)

Women (n = 492)

P-valuea

Age (years)

49.72 (15.05)

48.00 (16.54)

51.40 (13.22)

< 0.001

Age (years), n (%)

  ≤ 34

211 (21.6)

138 (28.5)

73 (14.8)

< 0.001

 35–44

146 (14.9)

75 (15.5)

71 (14.4)

 

 45–54

227 (23.2)

84 (17.3)

143 (29.1)

 

 55–64

216 (22.1)

92 (19.0)

124 (25.2)

 

  ≥ 65

177 (18.1)

96 (19.8)

81 (16.5)

 

Males, n (%)

485 (49.6)

–

–

–

Smoking history, n (%)

171 (17.5)

165 (34.0)

6 (1.2)

< 0.001

Obesity, n (%)

462 (47.3)

184 (37.9)

278 (56.5)

< 0.001

DM, n (%)

418 (42.8)

208 (42.9)

210 (42.7)

1.00

Glycemic controlb, n (%)

 HbA1c < 7.0%

189 (45.2)

76 (36.5)

113 (53.8)

< 0.001

 HbA1c ≥ 7.0%

229 (54.8)

132 (63.5)

97 (46.2)

 

 HTN, n (%)

598 (61.2)

302 (62.3)

296 (60.2)

0.512

HTN group, n (%)

 Normal

643 (65.8)

313 (64.5)

330 (67.1)

0.441

 Stage 1 HTN, n (%)

254 (26.0)

127 (26.2)

127 (25.8)

 

 Stage 2 HTN, n (%)

80 (8.2)

45 (9.3)

35 (7.1)

 

 Dyslipidemia, n (%)

854 (87.4)

440 (90.7)

414 (84.1)

0.002

 CKD stages 3–5, n (%)

64 (6.6)

38 (7.8)

26 (5.3)

0.121

Treatment

 Antidiabetic drugs, n (%)

344 (35.2)

175 (36.1)

169 (34.3)

0.592

 Antihypertensive agents, n (%)

523 (53.5)

253 (52.2)

270 (54.9)

0.405

 Lipid-lowering medication, n (%)

481 (49.2)

217 (44.7)

264 (53.7)

0.006

Anthropometric parameters

 BMI (kg/m2)

29.65 (26.21, 33.58)

28.40 (25.21, 32.01)

30.97 (27.10, 35.68)

< 0.001

 SBP (mmHg)

131.59 (17.94)

133.22 (17.17)

129.97 (18.53)

0.005

 DBP (mmHg)

77.75 (11.35)

79.31 (11.73)

76.22 (10.76)

< 0.001

Laboratory parameters

 TC (mmol/L)

5.03 (1.11)

4.94 (1.13)

5.12 (1.09)

0.008

 HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.09 (0.90, 1.33)

0.99 (0.84, 1.19)

1.19 (1.00, 1.43)

< 0.001

 LDL-C (mmol/L)

3.28 (0.97)

3.25 (0.99)

3.31 (0.95)

0.271

 TG (mmol/L)

1.11 (0.78, 1.64)

1.19 (0.82, 1.75)

1.05 (0.73, 1.50)

< 0.001

 TC/HDL-C ratio

4.70 (1.39)

5.05 (1.41)

4.35 (1.28)

< 0.001

 eGFR (mL/min.1.73 m2)

98.76 (22.89)

96.25 (24.56)

101.23 (20.85)

0.001

 HbA1c (%)

6.00 (5.50, 6.90)

6.00 (5.50, 7.10)

5.91 (5.50, 6.75)

0.548

  1. CKD chronic kidney disease, DM diabetes mellitus, HTN hypertension, BMI body mass index, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin A1c
  2. The data presented are the means and standard deviations, proportions, or medians (1st, 3rd quartiles)
  3. aThe independent-samples t-test was used to calculate the P-values for the continuous variables, and Fisher’s exact test (2-tailed) was used to calculate the P-values for the categorical variables. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the median values of the HDL, TG, and HbA1c levels, and the BMI
  4. bGlycemic control in patients with DM, total (n = 418), men (n = 208), and women (n = 210)
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BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2261

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