Table 4 Significant co-variates associated with intermediate groups in different regions
Intermediate group | OR [95% CI] | P value |
|---|---|---|
London | ||
Hypertension | 2.80 [1.95–4.01] | 0.003 |
Chronic renal disease | 1.65 [1.27–2.14] | 0.05 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 1.63 [1.27–2.10] | 0.05 |
Number of patients with previous GP visit for HF medication review | 0.51 [0.37–0.71] | 0.04 |
Older age | 0.35 [0.26–0.46] | 0.002 |
East of England | ||
Diabetes | 0.32 [0.18–0.54] | 0.03 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 0.32 [0.19–0.54] | 0.03 |
Chronic renal disease | 0.21 [0.12–0.37] | 0.005 |
North-East | ||
Cardiac congenital conditions | 4.31 [2.51–7.39] | 0.007 |
Hypertension | 3.90 [3.32–4.57] | < 0.001 |
Ischaemic heart disease | 2.36 [1.79–3.13] | 0.002 |
Mood disorders | 2.32 [2.01–2.66] | < 0.001 |
Chronic renal diseases | 2.03 [1.84–2.25] | < 0.001 |
Valvular heart disease | 1.95 [1.73–2.20] | < 0.001 |
Cardiac arrhythmias | 1.93 [1.75–2.14] | < 0.001 |
Dementia | 1.80 [1.57–2.08] | < 0.001 |
Respiratory conditions | 1.54 [1.39–1.70] | < 0.001 |
Anaemia | 1.54 [1.38–1.72] | < 0.001 |
Stroke | 1.35 [1.20–1.52] | 0.012 |
Atrial fibrillation | 1.31 [1.19–1.45] | 0.0099 |
History of smoking | 0.87 [0.81–0.93] | 0.048 |
Number of patients with increased out-of-hours GP visits (>90th percentile) | 0.64 [0.55–0.75] | 0.0028 |
GP visit for renal monitoring | 0.62 [0.53–0.72] | 0.0016 |
Number of patients with previous GP visit for HF medication review | 0.62 [0.51–0.76] | 0.017 |
Older age | 0.57 [0.53–0.60] | < 0.001 |
> 3 hospital admissions in preceding year of diagnosis of HF vs. <=2) | 0.34 [0.25–0.45] | < 0.001 |
HF diagnosis as an inpatient | 0.32 [0.28–0.37] | < 0.001 |
North-West | ||
Hypertension | 11.36 [5.53–23.34] | < 0.001 |
Chronic renal disease | 5.81 [4.10–8.25] | < 0.001 |
Cardiac arrhythmias | 4.26 [3.10–5.87] | < 0.001 |
Atrial fibrillation | 2.72 [1.95–3.78] | 0.003 |
Mood disorder | 2.61 [1.79–3.82] | 0.012 |
Number of patients with GP visit for flu vaccination | 2.51 [1.80–3.49] | 0.005 |
Anaemia | 1.97 [1.46–2.66] | 0.033 |
Presentation of atypical signs and symptoms before the diagnosis of HF | 0.42 [0.28–0.64] | 0.04 |
HF diagnosis as an inpatient | 0.25 [0.16–0.38] | 0.001 |
Older age | 0.19 [0.13–0.27] | < 0.001 |
South-Central | ||
Chronic respiratory disease | 0.36 [0.23–0.56] | 0.024 |
Cardiac arrhythmia | 0.25 [0.15–0.43] | 0.011 |
Dementia | 0.24 [0.14–0.44] | 0.016 |
Hypertension | 0.22 [0.13–0.37] | 0.004 |
Chronic renal disease | 0.17 [0.11–0.29] | < 0.001 |
South-East | ||
Hypertension | 5.37 [2.97–9.68] | 0.004 |
Older age | 0.23 [0.16–0.35] | < 0.001 |
HF diagnosis as an inpatient | 0.15 [0.11–0.21] | < 0.001 |
West-Midlands | ||
Hypertension | 3.16 [2.25–4.44] | < 0.001 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 2.01 [1.55–2.61] | 0.007 |
Atrial fibrillation | 1.86 [1.42–2.44] | 0.023 |
Valvular heart disease | 1.82 [1.36–2.44] | 0.042 |
HF diagnosis as an inpatient | 0.42 [0.32–0.57] | 0.003 |
Older age | 0.36 [0.27–0.48] | < 0.001 |
South-West | ||
Hypertension | 4.81 [3.39–6.82] | < 0.001 |
Atrial fibrillation | 1.80 [1.38–2.36] | 0.03 |
HF diagnosis as an inpatient | 0.39 [0.27–0.56] | 0.01 |
Number of patients with previous GP visit for HF medication review | 0.28 [0.19–0.41] | < 0.001 |