Fig. 4

Ticagrelor and clopidogrel restored the LPS-caused reduced ability of HUVECs to form tubular networks. HUVECs were incubated with DMSO (as a control), ticagrelor (20 μM), clopidogrel (20 μM), DMSO plus LPS (10 ng/mL) and CD14 (1 μg/mL), ticagrelor (20 μM) plus LPS (10 ng/mL) and CD14 (1 μg/mL), and clopidogrel (20 μM) plus LPS (10 ng/mL) and CD14 (1 μg/mL), separately, for 16 h. Then, the cell lysates were immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies (a-d), and tube formation assays were performed using Matrigel as described in the Materials and Methods (e). (n = 3; ns, not significant, p > 0.05; *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; and ***, p < 0.001)