Table 4 Subgroup analyses for total mortality
Factor | Subgroup | RR and 95% CI | P value | Heterogeneity (%) | P value for heterogeneity | P value between subgroups |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Publication year | Before 2010 | 1.09 (0.91–1.30) | 0.351 | 85.2 | < 0.001 | 0.328 |
2010 or after | 0.96 (0.85–1.08) | 0.493 | 60.2 | 0.040 | ||
Sample size | ≥ 10,000 | 1.06 (1.01–1.12) | 0.029 | – | – | 0.428 |
<  10,000 | 1.00 (0.89–1.14) | 0.958 | 77.1 | < 0.001 | ||
Percentage male (%) | ≥ 60.0 | 1.06 (1.01–1.12) | 0.029 | – | – | 0.428 |
<  60.0 | 1.00 (0.89–1.14) | 0.958 | 77.1 | < 0.001 | ||
Assessment of exposure | FFQ | 0.93 (0.83–1.04) | 0.212 | 0.0 | 0.570 | 0.032 |
24 h urine collection | 1.05 (0.93–1.17) | 0.441 | 80.4 | < 0.001 | ||
Follow-up duration (years) | ≥ 10.0 | 1.11 (0.90–1.37) | 0.343 | 83.9 | 0.002 | 0.139 |
<  10.0 | 0.97 (0.87–1.09) | 0.616 | 69.6 | 0.005 | ||
Adjusted BMI | Yes | 1.07 (0.98–1.17) | 0.146 | 68.2 | 0.004 | 0.001 |
No | 0.83 (0.67–1.02) | 0.082 | 51.4 | 0.151 | ||
Adjusted smoking | Yes | 1.04 (0.92–1.17) | 0.522 | 74.5 | 0.001 | 0.991 |
No | 0.89 (0.61–1.30) | 0.560 | 87.0 | 0.005 | ||
Adjusted alcohol | Yes | 1.01 (0.87–1.17) | 0.908 | 80.4 | < 0.001 | 0.471 |
No | 1.02 (0.87–1.19) | 0.804 | 70.8 | 0.016 | ||
Adjusted Previous CVD | Yes | 0.95 (0.77–1.17) | 0.649 | 74.1 | 0.021 | 0.999 |
No | 1.04 (0.91–1.19) | 0.573 | 78.8 | < 0.001 | ||
Adjusted DM | Yes | 0.98 (0.85–1.12) | 0.716 | 77.7 | < 0.001 | 0.132 |
No | 1.11 (0.97–1.25) | 0.119 | 52.4 | 0.147 | ||
Adjusted PA | Yes | 1.04 (0.94–1.15) | 0.475 | 74.2 | 0.002 | 0.291 |
No | 0.96 (0.74–1.24) | 0.735 | 81.4 | 0.005 | ||
Adjusted potassium | Yes | 0.99 (0.88–1.10) | 0.790 | 64.0 | 0.062 | 0.341 |
No | 1.03 (0.88–1.21) | 0.712 | 79.8 | < 0.001 |