Table 1 Demographic and biochemical characteristics of the participants according to single-child family: the CASPIAN V study
From: Is single-child family associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors: the CASPIAN-V study
Variable | Single child family | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Yes | No | p-value | |
Age (year) a | 12.28 ± 3.15 | 11.80 ± 3.24 | 12.32 ± 3.14 | < 0.001 |
Living area | ||||
Urban b | 10,106 (71.4) | 822(75.3) | 9284(71.1) | 0.003 |
Rural b | 4045 (28.6) | 270(24.7) | 3775(28.9) | |
Sex | ||||
Boy b | 7172(50.7) | 545(49.9) | 6627(50.7) | 0.595 |
Girl b | 6979(49.3) | 547(50.1) | 6432(49.3) | |
Height (cm) a | 147.07 ± 17.53 | 144.07 ± 18.35 | 146.75 ± 17.40 | < 0.001 |
Weight (cm) a | 41.54 ± 16.93 | 40.07±16.97 | 41.5 ± 17.13 | 0.008 |
WC (cm) a | 66.63 ± 12.1 | 66.72 ± 12.88 | 66.71 ± 12.12 | 0.978 |
BMI (kg/m2) a | 18.48 ± 4.69 | 18.47 ± 4.24 | 18.51 ± 4.75 | 0.753 |
SBP (mmHg) a | 98.72 ± 12.91 | 99.85 ± 13.59 | 99.10 ± 13.06 | 0.079 |
DBP (mmHg) a | 63.53 ± 10.19 | 63.88 ± 10.76 | 63.83 ± 10.41 | 0.888 |
FBG (mg/dL) a | 91.66 ± 12.13 | 92.53 ± 10.00 | 91.55 ± 12.28 | 0.119 |
TG (mg/dL) a | 88.16 ± 45.27 | 90.74 ± 42.05 | 87.88 ± 45.49 | 0.272 |
HDL-C (mg/dL) a | 46.16 ± 9.98 | 46.32 ± 11.25 | 46.16 ± 9.86 | 0.822 |
LDL-C (mg/dL) a | 90.06 ± 22.64 | 90.57 ± 24.06 | 90.02 ± 22.47 | 0.710 |
TC (mg/dL) a | 153.85 ± 27.47 | 155.04 ± 28.93 | 153.76 ± 27.27 | 0.472 |
Physical activity | ||||
Low b | 8160 (58.2) | 696(64.4) | 7464(57.7) | < 0.001 |
High b | 5859 (41.8) | 385(35.6) | 5474(42.3) | |
Screen Time | ||||
Low b | 13,067(92.5) | 979(90.0) | 12,088(92.7) | 0.001 |
High b | 1065(7.5) | 109(10.0) | 956(7.3) | |
SES | ||||
Low b | 4496 (33.2) | 168(16.9) | 4328(34.5) | < 0.001 |
Medium b | 4510 (33.3) | 304(30.5) | 4206(33.5) | |
High b | 4544 (33.5) | 525(52.7) | 4019(32.0) | |
Abdominal obesity b | 2950 (21.1) | 283(26.3%) | 2667(20.6) | < 0.001 |
High SBP b | 433 (3.1) | 50(4.7) | 383(3.0) | 0.002 |
High DBP b | 1436 (10.3) | 121(11.3) | 1315(10.3) | 0.293 |
High BP b | 1589 (11.4) | 143(13.3) | 1446(11.3) | 0.043 |
High FBG b | 161 (4.2) | 8(2.8) | 153(4.3) | 0.219 |
High TG b | 1060 (27.7) | 87(30.5) | 973(27.5) | 0.275 |
Low HDL-c b | 1127 (29.5) | 86(30.2) | 1041(29.4) | 0.793 |
High TC b | 187(4.9) | 15(5.3) | 172(4.9) | 0.764 |
High LDL b | 670(17.5) | 58(20.4) | 612(17.3) | 0.194 |
MetS b | 188 (5.1) | 17(6.0) | 171(5.0) | 0.435 |
Weight status | ||||
Underweight b | 2270(16.2) | 144(13.4) | 2126(16.4) | 0.008 |
Normal weight b | 8819(62.9) | 685(63.8) | 8134(62.8) | |
Overweight b | 1321(9.4) | 96(8.9) | 1225(9.5) | |
Obesity b | 1606(11.5) | 149(13.9) | 1457(11.3) | 0.010 |