Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the population included before (n = 9129) and after (n = 5810) propensity score matching: socio-demographics, comorbidities, laboratory determinations, comedications
Variables | Before PS-matching | After PS-matching | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | Cilostazol (n = 3345) | Pentoxifylline (n = 5784) | p-value | Cilostazol (n = 2905) | Pentoxifylline (n = 2905) | p-value |
Gender | ||||||
Women | 711(21.3) | 2444 (42.3) | 0.001 | 695 (23.9) | 676 (23.3) | 0.557 |
Men | 2634 (78.7) | 3340 (57.7) | 2210 (76.1) | 2229 (76.7) | ||
Mean age (SD) | 68.5 (11.3) | 70.1 (13.4) | 0.001 | 68.8 (11.4) | 69.4 (12.2) | 0.058 |
PAD coded | 1394 (41.7) | 968 (16.7) | 0.001 | 985 (33.9) | 918 (31.6) | 0.061 |
ABPI | ||||||
< 0.7 | 195 (5.8) | 214 (3.7) | 0.001 | 156 (5.4) | 146 (5.0) | 0.359 |
≥ 0.7 | 151 (4.5) | 248 (4.3) | 132 (4.5) | 154 (5.3) | ||
Missing | 2999 (89.7) | 5322 (92.0) | 2617 (90.1) | 2605 (89.7) | ||
Smoking status | ||||||
Non-smoker | 1037 (31.0) | 2666 (46.1) | 0.001 | 955 (32.9) | 1102 (37.9) | < 0.001 |
Smoker | 1057 (31.6) | 1085 (18.8) | 869 (29.9) | 725 (25.0) | ||
Ex-smoker | 944 (28.2) | 1157 (20.0) | 792 (27.3) | 760 (26.2) | ||
Missing | 307 (9.2) | 876 (15.1) | 289 (9.9) | 318 (10.9) | ||
BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 28.3 (4.3) | 28.7 (5.0) | 0.017 | 28.4 (4.4) | 28.5 (4.7) | 0.505 |
< 25 | 295 (8.8) | 482 (8.3) | 0.001 | 253 (8.7) | 271 (9.3) | |
25–30 | 712 (21.3) | 913 (15.8) | 603 (20.8) | 538 (18.5) | ||
> 30 | 438 (13.1) | 789 (13.6) | 382 (13.1) | 419 (14.4) | ||
Missing | 1900 (56.8) | 3600 (62.2) | 1667 (57.4) | 1677 (57.7) | ||
Hypertension | 2059 (61.6) | 3396 (58.7) | 0.008 | 1794 (61.8) | 1811 (62.3) | 0.646 |
Type 2 DM | 1296 (38.7) | 1876 (32.4) | 0.001 | 1112 (38.3) | 1120 (38.6) | 0.829 |
Dyslipidemia | 1531 (45.8) | 2227 (38.5) | 0.001 | 1271 (43.8) | 1285 (44.2) | 0.711 |
CAD | 533 (15.9) | 803 (13.9) | 0.008 | 461 (15.9) | 461 (15.9) | 1 |
AF | 152 (4.5) | 457 (7.9) | 0.001 | 145 (5.0) | 177 (6.1) | 0.067 |
Other arrhythmias | 20 (0.6) | 39 (0.7) | 0.661 | 15 (0.5) | 23 (0.8) | 0.193 |
Prior stroke | 313 (9.4) | 506 (8.7) | 0.327 | 268 (9.2) | 286 (9.8) | 0.421 |
Cerebral haemorrhage | 10 (0.3) | 24 (0.4) | 0.381 | 10 (0.3) | 6 (0.2) | 0.317 |
Digestive haemorrhage | 63 (1.9) | 123 (2.1) | 0.428 | 31 (1.1) | 25 (0.9) | 0.420 |
Other haemorrhages | 81 (2.5) | 160 (4.2) | 0.323 | 75 (2.6) | 74 (2.5) | 0.934 |
BP | ||||||
Bad control (≥140/90 mmHg) | 1117 (33.4) | 1605 (27.7) | 0.001 | 954 (32.8) | 880 (30.3) | 0.041 |
Systolic BP, mean (SD) | 137.9 (15.6) | 135.9 (15.3) | 0.001 | 137.9 (15.6) | 136.2 (14.9) | < 0.001 |
Diastolic BP, mean (SD) | 74.7 (9.3) | 74.5 (8.9) | 0.347 | 74.7 (9.3) | 74.5 (9.0) | 0.405 |
Total | ||||||
cholesterol, mg/dL, mean (SD) | 193.3 (42.2) | 194.8 (41.5) | 0.269 | 194.0 (42.1) | 193.6 (42.8) | 0.801 |
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL, mean (SD) | 116.8 (36.4) | 117.8 (35.4) | 0.440 | 117.3 (36.4) | 115.9 (35.8) | 0.346 |
≤ 100 | 479 (34.3) | 688 (31.8) | 0.119 | 401 (33.9) | 407 (34.4) | 0.068 |
> 100 | 916 (65.7) | 1474 (68.2) | 783 (66.1) | 777 (65.6) | ||
≤ 150 | 1135 (81.4) | 1764 (81.6) | 0.864 | 960 (81.1) | 979 (82.7) | 0.311 |
> 150 | 260 (18.6) | 398 (18.4) | 224 (18.9) | 205 (17.3) | ||
eGFR (MDRD), mL/min/1.73m2 | ||||||
≤ 30 | 30 (0.9) | 83 (1.4) | 0.001 | 27 (0.9) | 31 (1.1) | 0.728 |
30–59 | 387(11.6) | 754 (13.0) | 352 (12.1) | 374 (12.9) | ||
≥ 60 | 1222 (36.5) | 1854 (32.1) | 1021 (35.1) | 1027 (35.4) | ||
Missing | 1706 (51.0) | 3093 (53.5) | 1505 (51.8) | 1473 (50.7) | ||
Diuretics | 863 (25.8) | 1905 (32.9) | < 0.001 | 796 (27.4) | 813 (28.0) | 0.618 |
β-blockers | 625 (18.7) | 1082 (18.7) | 0.979 | 560 (19.3) | 546 (18.8) | 0.640 |
Calcium channel antagonists | 721 (21.6) | 1216 (21.0) | 0.550 | 639 (22.0) | 635 (21.9) | 0.899 |
ACEI* | 1288 (38.5) | 1931 (33.4) | 0.001 | 1102 (37.9) | 1092 (37.6) | 0.787 |
ARB* | 949 (28.4) | 1444 (25.0) | 0.001 | 833 (28.7) | 857 (29.5) | 0.488 |
Vasodilators | 397 (11.9) | 779 (13.5) | 0.028 | 360 (12.4) | 372 (12.8) | 0.635 |
Lipid modifying agents | 2077 (62.1) | 2652 (45.9) | 0.001 | 1716 (59.1) | 1698 (58.5) | 0.631 |
Antidiabetic drugs and insulins | 1275 (38.1) | 1793 (31.0) | < 0.001 | 1104 (38.0) | 1079 (37.1) | 0.498 |
Proton pump inhibitors | 1967 (58.8) | 3541 (61.2) | 0.023 | 1724 (59.3) | 1759 (60.6) | 0.349 |
NSAID* | 1233 (36.9) | 2290 (39.6) | 0.010 | 1085 (37.3) | 1094 (37.7) | 0.807 |
OAC* | 342 (10.2) | 696 (12.0) | 0.009 | 301 (10.4) | 311 (10.7) | 0.669 |
Antiplatelets | 2169 (64.8) | 2740 (47.4) | 0.001 | 1797 (61.9) | 1776 (61.1) | 0.571 |