Table 1 Characteristics of atrial fibrillation patients by anticoagulant use, MarketScan, 2010–2014
| Â | New Users | Switchers | New Users | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
New Rivaroxaban (n = 32,495) | Matched Warfarin (n = 45,496) | Rivaroxaban Switcher (n = 11,845) | Matched Warfarin (n = 43,904) | New Rivaroxaban (n = 16,957) | Matched Dabigatran (n = 16,957) | |
Age, years | 69.3 ± 12.2 | 71.1 ± 12.5 | 71.2 ± 12.1 | 71.4 ± 12.0 | 67.2 ± 12.1 | 67.2 ± 12.1 |
Age ≥ 75 years | 37.1 | 43.5 | 44.3 | 44.9 | 29.9 | 29.8 |
Female, % | 38.7 | 40.1 | 39.3 | 39.5 | 34.1 | 34.2 |
Comorbidities, % | ||||||
 Hypertension | 66.0 | 62.8 | 84.8 | 82.5 | 61.9 | 59.2 |
 Diabetes | 25.7 | 26.7 | 35.3 | 35.4 | 23.4 | 23.5 |
 Myocardial infarction | 7.1 | 8.1 | 11.1 | 11.0 | 5.5 | 5.2 |
 Heart failure | 23.1 | 26.0 | 38.7 | 38.3 | 19.5 | 19.3 |
 Ischemic stroke/TIA | 15.5 | 17.2 | 29.1 | 27.0 | 12.1 | 12.2 |
 Hemorrhagic stroke | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
 PAD | 12.2 | 14.1 | 23.7 | 23.1 | 8.8 | 8.5 |
 Dementia | 1.1 | 1.5 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
 Renal Disease | 7.6 | 10.3 | 14.1 | 15.5 | 5.3 | 5.0 |
 Chronic pulmonary disease | 21.4 | 22.5 | 34.6 | 32.7 | 17.8 | 17.1 |
 Liver disease | 3.6 | 3.6 | 7.0 | 6.6 | 2.9 | 2.9 |
 Malignancy | 10.9 | 11.3 | 17.1 | 16.5 | 8.5 | 7.8 |
 Depression | 7.0 | 7.5 | 13.7 | 11.9 | 5.5 | 5.6 |
 Hematological disorders | 7.6 | 9.7 | 22.5 | 21.8 | 5.6 | 5.1 |
 Metastatic cancer | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
 Alcohol abuse | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
 GI bleed | 4.4 | 4.9 | 12.1 | 11.5 | 3.4 | 3.2 |
 Other bleed | 2.4 | 3.0 | 8.3 | 8.0 | 1.7 | 1.5 |
CHA2DS2-VASC score | 3.0 ± 1.9 | 3.2 ± 2.0 | 4.0 ± 2.1 | 3.9 ± 2.1 | 2.6 ± 1.8 | 2.6 ± 1.8 |
CHA2DS2-VASC score ≥ 2 | 75.5 | 79.5 | 87.4 | 86.8 | 69.4 | 68.5 |
Prior procedures, % | ||||||
 Cardiac | 54.6 | 53.6 | 81.1 | 79.4 | 52.2 | 50.5 |
 Vascular | 4.5 | 6.3 | 9.7 | 9.2 | 2.8 | 2.7 |
 Gastrointestinal | 21.1 | 20.8 | 42.3 | 39.6 | 17.5 | 16.6 |
 Neurological | 12.7 | 12.0 | 23.7 | 19.7 | 9.7 | 8.5 |
Medications, % | ||||||
 Digoxin | 11.4 | 13.3 | 23.0 | 22.8 | 10.9 | 11.2 |
 Clopidogrel | 9.5 | 9.6 | 11.0 | 10.5 | 7.9 | 7.3 |
 Antiplatelets | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.2 |
 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | 30.0 | 30.7 | 41.7 | 41.4 | 27.5 | 28.2 |
 Angiotensin receptor blockers | 20.2 | 19.2 | 26.5 | 24.9 | 18.8 | 17.7 |
 Beta-blockers | 63.9 | 61.8 | 77.3 | 75.6 | 61.5 | 60.8 |
 Calcium channel blockers | 36.0 | 34.9 | 46.5 | 44.1 | 33.6 | 32.9 |
 Anti-arrhythmias | 20.2 | 17.9 | 32.9 | 28.2 | 21.9 | 21.5 |
 Statins | 46.6 | 47.4 | 62.2 | 62.0 | 42.7 | 42.5 |
 Diabetes medications | 19.6 | 20.7 | 25.4 | 25.4 | 18.2 | 19.2 |
Initial dose of anticoagulant, % | ||||||
 Rivaroxaban | ||||||
  10 mg | 6.2 | -- | 5.4 | -- | 4.8 |  |
  15 mg | 18.2 | -- | 21.0 | -- | 15.2 |  |
  20 mg | 75.6 | -- | 73.7 | -- | 80.0 |  |
 Warfarin | ||||||
   < 5 mg | -- | 33.2 | 30.2 | 31.8 | -- | -- |
  5 mg | -- | 48.0 | 51.6 | 49.3 | -- | -- |
   > 5 mg | -- | 18.9 | 18.3 | 18.9 | -- | -- |
 Dabigatran | ||||||
  75 mg | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 11.9 |
  150 mg | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 88.1 |