Low risk (n = 402) | High risk (n = 339) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without protocol violation | With protocol violation | P | Without protocol violation | With protocol violation | P | |
n | 236 | 166 | 200 | 139 | ||
Age, median (range) | 70 (25–86) | 70 (34–84) | 0.51 | 71 (37–88) | 71 (44–88) | 0.50 |
Male gender, n (%) | 149 (63) | 100 (60.2) | 0.63 | 124 (62) | 74 (53.2) | 0.13 |
BMI, kg/m2, median (range) | 26 (18–40) | 26 (18–39) | 0.81 | 28 (17–43) | 28 (17–41) | 0.84 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 46 (19)a | 27 (16.3)a | 0.41 | 50 (25)b | 45 (32.4)b | 0.17 |
COPD, n (%) | 0 | 0 | ─ | 24 (12) | 13 (9.3) | 0.55 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 151 (64) | 108 (65.1) | 0.91 | 132 (66) | 99 (71.2) | 0.37 |
Smoke, n (%) | 28 (12) | 30 (18.1) | 0.11 | 52 (26) | 48 (34.5) | 0.12 |
Surgical time, min, median (range) | 249 (119–593) | 255 (132–495) | 0.49 | 247 (140–442) | 243 (152–430) | 0.60 |
Surgical procedure, n (%) | 0.08 | 0.11 | ||||
CABG | 72 (30.5) | 58 (34.9) | 70 (35) | 53 (38.1) | ||
Valve | 113 (47.9) | 59 (35.5) | 52 (26) | 24 (17.3) | ||
CABG + Valve | 34 (14.4) | 30 (18.1) | 24 (12) | 12 (8.6) | ||
Otherc | 17 (7.2) | 19 (11.5) | 54 (27) | 50 (36) | ||
Off-pump CABG, n (%) | 21 (8.9) | 8 (4.8) | 0.17 | 11 (5.5) | 9 (6.5) | 0.89 |
Left IMA, n (%) | 53 (22.4) | 40 (24.1) | 0.79 | 44 (22) | 33 (23.7) | 0.81 |
Both IMA, n (%) | 17 (7.2) | 8 (4.8) | 0.44 | 13 (6.5) | 9 (6.5) | >0.99 |
EuroSCORE additive, median (range) | 5 (1–6) | 5 (1–6) | 0.80 | 8 (1–16) | 8 (1–14) | 0.72 |
EuroSCORE logistic, median (range) | 4.8 (1–7.74) | 4.6 (1–7.21) | 0.41 | 9.7 (1–44.45) | 9.9 (1–61.86) | 0.37 |
Mechanical ventilation, h, median (range) | 7 (2–912) | 8 (6–415) | 0.31 | 9 (7–816) | 9 (8–711) | 0.49 |
ICU stay, d, median (range) | 1 (1–24) | 1 (1–38) | 0.52 | 1 (1–33) | 1 (1–45) | 0.30 |
RBC transfusions, n, median (range) | 2 (0–9) | 2 (0–6) | 0.71 | 3 (0–11) | 2 (0–10) | 0.61 |