Aortic stiffening precedes onset of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in patients with asymptomatic diastolic dysfunction

Table 4 Markers of vascular stiffness

Variable	Group 1: HFpEF (n = 77)	Group 2: Diastolic Dysfunction (n = 77)	P-value
Arterial Stiffness (mmHg/mL/m²)	2.0 ± 0.69 - (22)	1.7 ± 0.52 – (30)	0.49
Arterial Elastance (mmHg/mL)	1.7 ± 0.50 - (22)	1.7 ± 0.40 – (30)	0.80
Aortic Strain (%)	7.5 ± 3.6 – (75)	8.6 ± 4.2 – (72)	0.22
Aortic Distensibility (cm²dyne⁻¹10⁻³)	1.9 ± 1.0 – (29)	2.8 ± 1.8 – (48)	0.01

Note: All data expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Group size is listed in parentheses

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