Does improvement in self-management skills predict improvement in quality of life and depressive symptoms? A prospective study in patients with heart failure up to one year after self-management education

Table 4 Unstandardized means and variances and effect sizes of latent change variables

LCV	Model	Mean	Variance	SES
∆SM₂ − SM₁	A1	0.26*	0.23^*	0.48
∆SM₂ − SM₁	B1, C1	0.29*	0.25^*	0.50
∆SM₃ − SM₁	A2	0.27^*	0.28^*	0.47
∆SM₃ − SM₁	B2, C2	0.31^*	0.26^*	0.53
∆pQL₂ − pQL₁	A1	0.23^*	0.80^*	0.23
∆pQL₃ − pQL₁	A1	0.36^*	0.97^*	0.37
∆pQL₃ − pQL₁	A2	0.35^*	0.96^*	0.36
∆pQL₄ − pQL₁	A1	0.37^*	0.91^*	0.37
∆pQL₄ − pQL₁	A2	0.37^*	0.91^*	0.37
∆mQL₂ − mQL₁	B1	0.52^*	0.31^*	0.58
∆mQL₃ − mQL₁	B1	0.63^*	0.73^*	0.71
∆mQL₃ − mQL₁	B2	0.65^*	0.73^*	0.72
∆mQL₄ − mQL₁	B1	0.71^*	0.78^*	0.80
∆mQL₄ − mQL₁	B2	0.73^*	0.78^*	0.81
∆D₂ − D₁	C1	−0.29^*	0.24^*	−0.38
∆D₃ − D₁	C1	−0.28^*	0.49^*	−0.36
∆D₃ − D₁	C2	−0.28^*	0.50^*	−0.35
∆D₄ − D₁	C1	−0.30^*	0.61^*	−0.38
∆D₄ − D₁	C2	−0.30^*	0.61^*	−0.38

LCV ∆ = latent change variable, SM Self-management skills, pQL Physical quality of life, mQL Mental quality of life, D Depressive symptoms, SES Standardized effect size. Subscripted figures represent measurement points
* p < .05

ISSN: 1471-2261