Table 1 Baseline characteristics categorized by BNP group
Variable | All patients (n = 1807) | BNP ≤ 100 (n = 130) | BNP > 100 (n = 1677) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 75.27 (14.12) | 72.29 (14.53) | 76.25 (14.07) | 0.003 | |
Gender | |||||
Female | 927 (51.30 %) | 65 (50.0 %) | 876 (52.23 %) | 0.630 | |
Male | 880 (48.69 %) | 65 (50.0 %) | 801 (47.77 %) | ||
Mortality | |||||
Alive | 1569 (86.83 %) | 122 (93.85 %) | 1421 (84.76 %) | 0.005 | |
Death | 238 (13.17 %) | 8 (6.15 %) | 256 (15.24 %) | ||
Stay in hospital (day) | 12.05 (40.71) | 14.34 (20.79) | 14.33 (35.6) | 0.985 | |
Initial admission findings | |||||
Heart rate (beats/min) | 90.27 (21.60) | 91.83 (18.77) | 92.81 (22.91) | 0.584 | |
SBP (mmHg) | 135.87 (28.11) | 135.59 (28.45) | 136.33 (29.46) | 0.786 | |
DBP (mmHg) | 74.26 (17.53) | 73.26 (17.09) | 74.41 (18.58) | 0.501 | |
Rales | 599 (33.15 %) | 36 (27.69 %) | 467 (41.62 %) | 0.002 | |
PND | 39 (2.15 %) | 2 (1.54 %) | 35 (3.12 %) | 0.314 | |
Orthopnea | 138 (7.64 %) | 7 (5.38 %) | 122 (10.87 %) | 0.051 | |
NYHA FC (III-IV) | 591 (32.70 %) | 45 (34.62 %) | 475 (42.34 %) | 0.091 | |
Peripheral edema | 473 (26.18 %) | 30 (23.08 %) | 357 (31.82 %) | 0.041 | |
QRS duration (ms) | 101.91 (24.92) | 99.73 (23.01) | 102.94 (25.44) | 0.141 | |
LVEF (%) | 54.33 (13.70) | 60.05 (9.68) | 52.97 (14.09) | <0.001 | |
Cardiomegaly | 667 (36.91 %) | 56 | (43.08 %) | 516 (45.99 %) | 0.528 |
Glucose (mg/dl) | 168.35 (93.67) | 172.16 (101.59) | 178.56 (96.64) | 0.480 | |
HbA1c (%) | 6.75 (1.74) | 6.64 (1.68) | 6.80 (1.75) | 0.649 | |
Total bilirubin (mg/dl) | 1.31 (2.21) | 0.93 (0.59) | 1.38 (2.49) | 0.072 | |
GPT (u/l) | 37.50 (70.82) | 35.98 (63.76) | 41.52 (80.69) | 0.268 | |
Urine acid (mg/dl) | 7.32 (2.79) | 6.62 (2.25) | 7.72 (2.83) | <0.001 | |
Urea (mg/dl) | 28.63 (17.92) | 24.59 (17.02) | 30.42 (18.00) | <0.001 | |
Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.46 (0.74) | 1.28 (0.65) | 1.54 (0.76) | <0.001 | |
GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 54.0 (30.90) | 62.38 (31.14) | 50.27 (28.89) | <0.001 | |
Potassium (meq/l) | 4.08 (0.77) | 3.89 (0.64) | 4.09 (0.81) | 0.001 | |
Sodium (meq/l) | 136.62 (6.14) | 136.67 (5.65) | 136.31 (6.42) | 0.547 | |
Troponin (ng/ml) | 0.51 (3.62) | 0.22 (1.68) | 0.57 (4.06) | 0.340 | |
BNP (pg/ml) | 1028.11 (1136.22) | 46.81 (27.13) | 1141.81 (1147.18) | <0.001 | |
Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 11.40 (2.57) | 12.29 (2.70) | 11.25 (2.54) | <0.001 | |
Medical history (n, %) | |||||
CHF | 1050 (58.11 %) | 62 (47.69 %) | 988 (54.63 %) | 0.133 | |
Hypertension | 1100 (60.87 %) | 81 (62.31 %) | 1019 (59.36 %) | 0.516 | |
Diabetes | 752 (41.62 %) | 59 (45.38 %) | 693 (42.25 %) | 0.493 | |
CAD | 435 (24.07 %) | 27 (20.77 %) | 408 (22.37 %) | 0.677 | |
CKD | 395 (21.86 %) | 18 (13.85 %) | 377 (23.89 %) | 0.010 | |
Dyslipidemia | 376 (20.81 %) | 30 (23.08 %) | 346 (18.72 %) | 0.232 | |
Stroke | 300 (16.60 %) | 30 (23.08 %) | 270 (17.91 %) | 0.151 | |
A-fib | 396 (21.91 %) | 13 (10.0 %) | 383 (24.24 %) | <0.001 | |
Anemia | 167 (9.24 %) | 9 (6.92 %) | 158 (9.98 %) | 0.264 | |
Hepatitis | 38 (2.10 %) | 4 (3.08 %) | 34 (2.23 %) | 0.543 | |
Medications (n, %) | |||||
Diuretics | 1432 (79.26 %) | 85 (65.38 %) | 1347 (80.32 %) | <0.001 | |
Nitrates | 844 (46.7 %) | 91 (70.00 %) | 753 (44.90 %) | <0.001 | |
Digoxin | 87 (4.86 %) | 4 (3.08 %) | 83 (4.95 %) | 0.337 | |
Beta blocker | 72 (3.98 %) | 0 (0 %) | 72 (4.29 %) | 0.016 | |