Bleeding complications during cardiac electronic device implantation in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy: is there any value of local tranexamic acid?

Table 6 Univariate and multivariate predictors of pocket hematoma

	Univariate			Multivariate
Variables	OR	95 % CI	P-value	OR	95 % CI	P-value
Age	1.043	1.002–1.085	0.040
Presence of LV thrombus	3.782	0.939–15.228	0.061
History of recent stent implantation	13.225	3.734–46.839	<0.001
Spironolactone use	3.449	1.340–8.879	0.010
Periprocedural warfarin use	0.110	0.035–0.341	<0.001
Periprocedural warfarin plus DAPT use	12.149	4.483–32.920	<0.001	10.874	2.496–47.365	0.001
ICD device	6.686	0.860–51.991	0.069
Three lead implantation	2.406	1.006–5.757	0.049
Topical TXA use during CIED implantation	0.231	0.075–0.716	0.011	0.059	0.012–0.300	0.001

CI confidence interval, CIED cardiac electronic device implantation, DAPT dual antiplatelet therapy, ICD implantable cardioverter defibrillator, LV left ventricular, MBC major bleeding complications, PH pocket hematoma, TXA tranexamic acid

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