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Table 3 Association between exertional leg symptoms and ABI-diagnosed PAD by of participants by their diabetes status

From: Peripheral artery disease and exertional leg symptoms in diabetes patients in Ghana

 

Crude OR (95 % CI)

p

Adjusted OR* (95 % CI)

p

All Participants

    

Classic IC

1.59 (1.19–2.69)

0.047

1.51 (0.87–2.61)

0.139

Atypical exertional pain

0.54 (0.15–1.89)

0.331

0.32 (0.07–1.46)

0.148

Pain at rest

1.72 (1.21–3.04)

0.036

1.71 (1.13–2.17)

0.028

Diabetes Patients

    

Classic IC

1.18 (0.64–2.19)

0.59

1.02 (0.54–1.94)

0.569

Atypical exertional pain

1.25 (0.21–7.56)

0.811

0.49 (0.05–4.93)

0.547

Pain at rest

0.89 (0.42–1.9)

0.771

0.89 (0.4–2)

0.769

Non-diabetes Participants

    

Classic IC

2.56 (1.07–5.92)

0.039

3.39 (1.14–8.1)

0.028

Atypical exertional pain

0.37 (0.05–2.9)

0.358

0.31 (0.03–2.48)

0.266

Pain at rest

4.91 (1.93–12.49)

0.001

4.3 (1.58–9.67)

0.004

  1. IC, intermittent claudication; OR, odds ratio.
  2. *Adjusted for age, gender, diabetes status (in All participants group only), insulin use (in Diabetes group only), hypertension, BMI, waist-hip ratio, mean blood pressure, smoking status, second-hand smoking and alcohol status