Table 1 Characteristics of participants according to snoring status
From: The relationship between snoring and left ventricular hypertrophy of China: a cross-sectional study
Variables | Non-snorers | Snorers | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | |||
Age (year) | 53.3 ± 10.9 | 54.5 ± 9.9 | <0.001 |
Male gender (%) | 2475 (42.2) | 2216 (51.8) | <0.001 |
Race (Han) (%) | 5572 (95.0) | 4067 (95.1) | 0.793 |
Educational status (%) | 0.065 | ||
Primary school or below | 2882 (49.1) | 2182 (51.0) | |
Middle school | 2448 (41.7) | 1686 (39.4) | |
High school or above | 534 (9.1) | 407 (9.5) | |
Physical activity (%) | 0.102 | ||
Light | 1699 (29.0) | 1261 (29.5) | |
Moderate | 3852 (65.7) | 2747 (64.3) | |
Severe | 313 (5.3) | 267 (6.2) | |
Annual income (CNY/year) | 0.662 | ||
≤ 5000 | 732 (12.5) | 520 (12.2) | |
5000–20000 | 3161 (53.9) | 2343 (54.8) | |
> 20000 | 1971 (33.6) | 1412 (33.0) | |
Current smoking status (%) | 1916 (32.7) | 1672 (39.1) | <0.001 |
Current drinking status (%) | 1155 (19.7) | 1139 (26.6) | <0.001 |
Sleep duration (h/d) | 7.2 ± 1.7 | 7.3 ± 1.7 | 0.069 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 138.9 ± 22.8 | 145.0 ± 23.3 | <0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80.6 ± 11.2 | 83.8 ± 12.0 | <0.001 |
Height (cm) | 160.5 ± 8.0 | 161.4 ± 8.3 | <0.001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.1 ± 3.4 | 25.7 ± 3.8 | <0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 80.3 ± 9.3 | 85.2 ± 9.9 | <0.001 |
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | <0.001 |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.5 ± 1.4 | 1.8 ± 1.6 | <0.001 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 5.3 ± 1.1 | <0.001 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 5.8 ± 1.5 | 6.0 ± 1.7 | <0.001 |
Diabetes (%) | 503 (8.6) | 533 (12.5) | <0.001 |
Hypertension (%) | 2648 (45.2) | 2482 (58.1) | <0.001 |